Making Nonwoven Fibrous Poly(ε‐caprolactone) Constructs for Antimicrobial and Tissue Engineering Applications by Pressurized Melt Gyration

Abstract

scaffolds are made with spinning techniques either using polymer solutions or melts. [ 3,4 ] The primary focus of the spinning technique is the production of fi bers in a scale range from nano-to microrange that resembles the native extracellular matrix (ECM). [5][6][7] Although there has been much research on solution spinning to form fi brous polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering and wound healing applications, little has been reported on melt spinning to fabricate nonwoven scaffolds. [ 8,9 ] Melt spinning does not require solvents that are mostly cytotoxic, therefore it offers a distinct advantage. In addition, the surface topography of the fi brous scaffolds which can affect cellular infi ltration can be better controlled by melt spinning. [ 8,10 ] Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is one of the most promising linear aliphatic polyesters used extensively in the biomedical field since it is biodegradable in an aqueous medium and biocompatible in biological applications. This semi-crystalline polymer has a low melting point (60 °C) and a glass transition temperature (−60 °C) and therefore it could be fabricated easily into any shape and size. [11][12][13] The superior rheo logical properties and mechanical properties of PCL have A pressurized melt gyration process has been used for the fi rst time to generate poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fi bers. Gyration speed, working pressure, and melt temperature are varied and these parameters infl uence the fi ber diameter and the temperature enabled changing the surface morphology of the fi bers. Two types of nonwoven PCL fi ber constructs are prepared. First, Ag-doped PCL is studied for antibacterial activity using Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Pseudo monas aeruginosa microorganisms. The melt temperature used to make these constructs signifi cantly infl uences antibacterial activity. Neat PCL nonwoven scaffolds are also prepared and their potential for application in muscular tissue engineering is studied with myoblast cells. Results show signifi cant cell attachment, growth, and proliferation of cells on the scaffolds.

Metal‐Based Nanomaterials in Biomedical Applications: Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity Aspects

“…[ 167 ] The Ag 2 O nanoparticles‐loaded silk fibroin nanocomposite demonstrates potent antibacterial activity along with faster covering and migration of T3T fibroblast cells to the scratch area, in comparison with pure silk fibroin, which is indicative of better healing ability. Other antimicrobial nanocomposite scaffolds contain Ag nanoparticles blended with polymers such as alginate/hydroxyapatite, [ 152 ] α‐chitin/β‐chitin hydrogel, [ 168 ] poly(ϵ‐caprolactone), [ 169 ] poly(lactic acid), [ 170 ] and poly(3‐droxybutyrate‐ co ‐3‐hydroxyvalerate). [ 171 ]…”

Synthesis and mechanical properties of double cross-linked gelatin-graphene oxide hydrogels

“…These gelatin-GO nanocomposite hydrogels may be fabricated into different shapes or forms for future applications. For example, they could be cast onto moulds with different shapes and dimensions to form complex 3D objects, and fabricated into fibres and nonwoven fibrous constructs using gyratory methods [46,47].…”

Development and characterization of ceftriaxone-loaded P3HB-based microparticles for drug delivery

“…Microbiological evaluation In modern scientific literature, several approaches are used to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of the developed drugs. Among the most common are the following: colony count method in bacterial broth suspensions 66 and disc diffusion susceptibility test. 67 In our work, we showed the possibility of successful loading of CEF in P3HB microparticles using various technologies.…”