Making EU refugee policy in 2001, applying it in 2022: Directive 2001/55/EC and its use in 2022
Simon Fink,
Md Abdul Kader
Abstract:The Ukraine crisis brings European Union (EU) refugee policy into the spotlight. Temporary protection for Ukrainian refugees was granted under Directive 2001/55/EC—a directive that had never been applied until 2022. This article seeks to explain why a directive that had not been used for 20 years was now applied. Our argument rests on liberal intergovernmentalism: Conflicts between countries with high and low migration pressure dominated negotiations in the Council of Ministers. These intergovernmental conflic… Show more
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