Making Change: Recognizing Culture

Research Trends in the United States

“…Some researchers are interested in understanding how environmental problems or issues are tied to the cultures from which they emanate (Marouli 2002;Saul 2000). Others are looking for factors that influence racial diversity in the field (e.g., Hilton 1999;James 1996;Rivers 2003) and in those engaged in EE programming (Armstrong 1997;Hilton 2002;Jacobs and Reyhner 2002;Lewis and James 1995). An entire area of study related to ecofeminism emerged in the 1970s and remains an important contributor to understanding learning about the environment as it provides a framework for studying the intersect between human and environmental factors (Henderson 1997).…”

A Call for Race, Gender, and Class Sensitive Facilitation in Outdoor Experiential Education

“…As the field seeks to move away from the power dominance of the white, male, class privileged, European roots of experiential education (James, 1996), facilitators will need to become more conscious of how their methods can advance or impede social justice. This article will crit ically examine current philosophies of facilitation in experiential education in an attempt to unveil opportu nities for leaders to use more culturally sensitive meth ods in teaching, training, and counseling.…”