Majra Honey Abrogated the Normal and Cancer Cells Proliferation Inhibition by Juniperus procera Extract and Extract/Honey Generated AgNPs

Abstract

Background: Juniperus procera and Majra honey are well-known as a folk medicine in many countries. Objectives: This work aimed to study the immunomodulatory effects after mixing Majra honey, J. procera water leaves extract and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on immune or cancer cells. Methods: Juniperus procera water leaves extract and 20% Majra honey were prepared. Both the extract and honey were used separately to synthesis AgNPs. AgNPs were characterized using UV/Vis spectrophotometry and electron microscopy. Bioactive molecules in honey and the extract were explored using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Protein profile of honey was explores using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and honey sugar content was determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Biological activities of honey and the extract were tested. Results: Results demonstrated the ability of the extract/honey to produce AgNPs in a spherical shape. The extract/honey contained many functional groups. SDS-PAGE of Majra honey showed many protein bands. HPLC revealed honey is of good quality and no external additives are added to it. The extract and extract+AgNPs inhibited the growth of normal rat splenic cells’ growth while honey stimulated it. The extract+honey turned stimulatory to the splenic cells’ growth and significantly diminished the inhibitory potential of the extract containing AgNPs. Both the extract and honey have antimicrobial activities, this potential increased in the presence of AgNPs. Honey and Honey+AgNPs inhibited HepG2 cancer cell proliferation while Hela cell growth inhibited only with honey+AgNPs. Conclusion: Both honey and the extract have antibacterial and immunomodulatory potentials as well as the power to produce AgNPs. Mature honey alone showed anticancer activity against HepGe2 cells, but not against Hela cells, and when contained AgNPs had anticancer activity on both cell lines. Mixing of Majra honey with J. procera extract showed characterized immunomodulatory potentials that can be described as immunostimulant.

Chemical Characterization of Honey and Its Effect (Alone as well as with Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles) on Microbial Pathogens’ and Human Cancer Cell Lines’ Growth

“…Furthermore, Acacia honey showed potent anticancer activity against breast (MCF-7), colon (HCT-116), and lung (A549) cancer cell lines [ 63 ]. Another study reported similar findings in that Majra honey demonstrated anticancer effects on both the HepGe2 and Hela cell lines when combined with AgNPs; however, honey alone did not have this effect on Hela cells [ 64 ].…”

Synergistic Effects of AgNPs and Biochar: A Potential Combination for Combating Lung Cancer and Pathogenic Bacteria

“…Biochar, a pyrolyzed material with a high carbon content can be made from a range of organic materials [ 20 , 21 ]. Biochar has a porous structure that enables it to hold and collect small molecules including nanoparticles [ 22 ]. Combining biochar with AgNPs may boost both compounds’ potential antibacterial properties by lowering the doses of harmful bioactive molecules [ 23 ].…”