Major Patterns in Vertebrate Evolution

Blair, W. Frank; Hecht, Max K.; Goody, Peter C.; Hecht, Bessie M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-8851-7

Cited by 73 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 303 publications

(484 reference statements)

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“…Annotation extractions provided a specific sequence that was further analysed and plotted. Transcription factors were predicted using the TRANSFAC (https://genexplain.com/transfac/) scan tool of EMBOSS (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/emboss/) [ 18 , 19 ]. We have used the Phobos v.3.3.12 (https://www.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/spezzoo/cm/cm_phobos.htm) for the short sequence repeat analysis with the settings such as extending, where the exact search and the repeat unit length were kept to 1 bp (min) to 10 bp long, and the percentage of perfection was 0 to max [ 20 - 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential biomarkers in Japanese encephalitis from different hosts and geographical locations

Rafeeq

2023

Bioinformation

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Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a single-stranded, mosquito-borne, positive-sense RNA flavivirus that causes one of the most severe encephalitides. There are treatments available for those who contact this illness; however, there are no known cures. This disease has a 30% fatality rate, and of the people who survive, 30–50% develops neurologic and psychiatric sequelae. The JE virus genome size is 10.98 kb and contains two coding DNA sequences (CDS), two genes, and 15 mature peptides; the CDS polyprotein is 10.3 kb. In this study, we used 29 genomics sequences of the JE virus reported from different countries and infecting different animals and analysed vast dimensions of the genomic annotation of JE comparatively to understand its evolutionary aspects. The extensive SNPs analysis revealed that KF907505.1, reported from Taiwan, has only three SNPs, similar to sequences reported from India. Repeat and polymorphism analyses revealed that the genome tends to be similar in most JE sequences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential biomarkers in Japanese encephalitis from different hosts and geographical locations

Rafeeq

2023

Bioinformation

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“…Animals have different locomotion due to the complex body-environment relationships developed during their evolutionary history ( Alexander, 2006; Biewener and Patek, 2018 ). The shape and dynamics principles behind animals’ locomotion ability entangle with all other body’s functions and needs for survival ( e.g ., the origin of the fins-to-limbs transition of tetrapod is probably the result of multiple and interconnected selection pressures ( Hecht et al, 1977; Panganiban et al, 1997; Dickson and Pierce, 2018; Molnar et al, 2021 )). Thus, it is not straightforward to identify in an animal’s shape what are the necessary basic conditions for improved autonomous locomotion, and what could have been different ( Alexander, 2006; Shubin et al, 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent evolution in silico reveals shape and dynamic principles of directed locomotion

Biazzi

Fujita

Takahashi

2022

Preprint

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Active, directed locomotion on the ground is present in many phylogenetically distant species. Bilateral symmetry and modularity of the body are common traits often associated with improved directed locomotion. Nevertheless, both features result from natural selection, which is contingent (history-dependent) and multifactorial (several factors interact simultaneously). Based solely on the unique natural history on Earth, it is difficult to conclude that bilateral symmetry and modularity of the body are required traits for an improved locomotion ability as they can result from chance or be related to other body functions. As a way to avoid these caveats, we propose using physics-based simulations of 3D voxel-based soft robots evolved under different evolutionary scenarios to test the necessity of both traits for efficient directed locomotion on the ground. We found that an intermediate number of body modules (appendages) and high body symmetry are evolutionarily selected regardless of gravitational environments, robot sizes, and genotype encoding. Therefore, we conclude that both traits are strong candidates for universal principles related to efficient directed locomotion.

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“…Some patterns have been claimed to be shared across space and time by a number of insular, not phylogenetically closely related mammals (e.g. Lomolino, 2005;Lomolino, Sax, Palombo, & Van der Geer, 2012;Lomolino et al, 2013; K€ ohler, Moy a-Sol a, & Giovinazzo, 2008; Rozzi & Palombo, 2014; DOI: 10.1111/jbi.13197 Sondaar, 1977;Van der Geer, 2014;Van der Geer, Lyras, De Vos, & Dermitzakis, 2010;Van der Geer, Van den Bergh, et al, 2016), but a number of exceptions can be found when comparing different mammals on different islands (see Van der Geer, 2014 and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space–time patterns of body size variation in island bovids: The key role of predatory release

Rozzi

2018

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim I provide the first comprehensive study on body size evolution of extinct and living insular bovids, exploring the causal biotic and abiotic selective factors for observed patterns. Location Islands worldwide. Methods I assembled data on the geographic characteristics of 13 focal islands (area, isolation, latitude, net primary productivity) and on the ecological and morphological characteristics of 32 insular bovid taxa (number of predators and competitors, richness of large mammals, body mass of mainland relatives). I used linear regressions and machine learning methods (regression trees and random forest analyses) to examine the hypothesized contextual importance of these factors in explaining variation in the body size of island bovids. I also calculated evolutionary rates of body size divergence of focal taxa in order to assess whether this phenomenon is influenced by time in isolation. Results The results of regression, regression tree and random forest analyses were in agreement with predictions based on a hypothesis of ecological release (more pronounced body size divergence on islands with the fewest competitors and predators). Only limited support for a resource limitation hypothesis (more pronounced body size divergence for the larger taxa on smaller islands) was found. Main conclusions The majority of insular bovids, as large mammals, do follow the main prediction of the island rule, exhibiting body size reduction, and predator diversity is the main factor influencing body size evolution of these taxa. Results obtained highlighted the crucial role of time in isolation, with body size reduction becoming more pronounced for bovids with longer residence times on the islands.

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Major Patterns in Vertebrate Evolution

Cited by 73 publications

References 303 publications

Potential biomarkers in Japanese encephalitis from different hosts and geographical locations

Potential biomarkers in Japanese encephalitis from different hosts and geographical locations

Convergent evolution in silico reveals shape and dynamic principles of directed locomotion

Space–time patterns of body size variation in island bovids: The key role of predatory release

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