Major Minerals

Leachate characteristics as influenced by application of anaerobic baffled reactor effluent to three soils: a soil column study

“…Although the concentrations of heavy metals in domestic sewage effluents are generally low, long-term use of these wastewaters on agricultural land often results in a build-up of these metals in soil (Mapanda et al, 2005). Environmental concerns of wastewater use are mainly directed towards nitrate and phosphorus leaching and polluting groundwater and eutrophication of surface water bodies (Kretschmer et al, 2003;Qadir et al, 2010;Bar-Tal et al, 2011). However, monitoring effluent infiltration and the replacement of the existing soil solution with fresh effluent can provide relevant short-term information on these changes (Gloaguen et al, 2007).…”

Mitigating risks and maximizing sustainability of treated wastewater reuse for irrigation

“…The phyto-availability of nutrients from TWW is generally equivalent to common mineral and organic fertilizers ( Bar-Tal et al., 2010 ). However, supplying nutrients with TWW is challenging because TWW irrigation loads and scheduling regimes are principally dictated by crop water requirements rather than nutrient requirements.…”