Major histocompatibility complex class II polymorphisms in forest musk deer (<i><scp>M</scp>oschus berezovskii</i>) and their probable association with purulent disease

Li, L.; Wang, B. B.; Ge, Yaming; Wan, Qiu‐Hong

doi:10.1111/iji.12135

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Similar to previous work on forest musk deer, we also observed considerable DRA variation (six alleles in 181 samples; pooled data from Li et al . and this study). However, all alleles at the DRA locus have low divergence (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…In combination with previous studies (Li et al . , ), the phylogeny of Mobe‐MHC loci and the MHC alleles of other related species are shown in Fig. .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our results, namely the ratio of d N / d S and phylogenetic relationships, also support the idea that MHC loci in forest musk deer were under historical balancing selection, which is consistent with the results of previous studies on captive populations (Li et al . , ). Moreover, we observed positive values of Tajima's D and Fu and Li's D *, which together also suggest that forest musk deer populations may be under balancing selection for at least two loci ( DQA2 and DRB3 in the captive population and DQA1 and DRB3 in the wild population).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primers were selected from previous work (Li et al . , ), and the genotyping methods have been previously described (Li et al . ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Li et al . (, ) characterized MHC class II genes ( DRA , DQA1 , DQA2 , DRB3 , DQB1 and DQB2 ) in captive forest musk deer and determined probable pathogen‐resistant alleles. However, results from a captive population may not extrapolate to a wild one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Major histocompatibility complex classIIgenetic variation in forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) inChina

et al. 2015

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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays an important role in the immune system of vertebrates. We used the second exon of four MHC class II genes (DRA, DQA1, DQA2 and DRB3) to assess the overall MHC variation in forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii). We also compared the MHC variation in captive and wild populations. We observed 22 alleles at four loci (four at DRA, four at DQA1, four at DQA2 and 10 at DRB3), 15 of which were newly identified alleles. Results suggest that forest musk deer maintain relatively high MHC variation, which may result from balancing selection. Moreover, considerable diversity was observed at the DRA locus. We found a high frequency of Mobe-DRA*02, Mobe-DQA1*01 and Mobe-DQA2*05 alleles, which may be important for pathogen resistance. A Ewens-Watterson test showed that the DRB3 locus in the wild population had experienced recent balancing selection. We detected a small divergence at the DRA locus, suggesting the effect of weak positive selection on the DRA gene. Alternatively, this locus may be young and not yet adapted a wide spectrum of alleles for pathogen resistance. The significant heterozygosity deficit observed at the DQA1 and DRB3 loci in the captive population and at all four loci in the wild population may be the result of a population bottleneck. Additionally, MHC genetic diversity was higher in the wild population than in the captive, suggesting that the wild population may have the ability to respond to a wider range of pathogens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…In combination with previous studies (Li et al . , ), the phylogeny of Mobe‐MHC loci and the MHC alleles of other related species are shown in Fig. .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primers were selected from previous work (Li et al . , ), and the genotyping methods have been previously described (Li et al . ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Major histocompatibility complex classIIgenetic variation in forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) inChina

et al. 2015

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Positive selection drives the evolution of a major histocompatibility complex gene in an endangered Mexican salamander species complex

et al. 2015

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Immune gene evolution can be critical to species survival in the face of infectious disease. In particular, polymorphism in the genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) helps vertebrates combat novel and diverse pathogens by increasing the number of pathogen-derived proteins that can initiate the host's acquired immune response. In this study, we used a combination of presumably adaptive and neutral markers to investigate MHC evolution in populations of five salamander species within the Ambystoma velasci complex, a group consisting of 15 recently diverged species, several of which are endangered. We isolated 31 unique MHC class II β alleles from 75 total individuals from five species in this complex. MHC heterozygosity was significantly lower than expected for all five species, and we found no clear relationship between number of MHC alleles and species range, life history, or level of heterozygosity. We inferred a phylogeny representing the evolutionary history of Ambystoma MHC, with which we found signatures of positive selection on the overall gene, putative peptide-binding residues, and allelic lineages. We identified several instances of trans-species polymorphism, a hallmark of balancing selection observed in other groups of closely related species. In contrast, we did not detect comparable allelic diversity or signatures of selection on neutral loci. Additionally, we identified 17 supertypes among the 44 unique Ambystoma alleles, indicating that these sequences may encode functionally distinct MHC variants. We therefore have strong evidence that positive selection is a major evolutionary force driving patterns of MHC polymorphism in this recently radiated species complex.

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Copy number and selection of MHC genes in ruminants are related to habitat, average life span and diet

He,

Liang,

et al. 2024

Gene

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Major histocompatibility complex class II polymorphisms in forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) and their probable association with purulent disease

Cited by 12 publications

References 73 publications

Major histocompatibility complex classIIgenetic variation in forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) inChina

Major histocompatibility complex classIIgenetic variation in forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) inChina

Positive selection drives the evolution of a major histocompatibility complex gene in an endangered Mexican salamander species complex

Copy number and selection of MHC genes in ruminants are related to habitat, average life span and diet

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