Major findings from the Canadian incidence study of reported child abuse and neglect

Trocmé, Nico; Tourigny, Marc; MacLaurin, Bruce; Fallon, Barbara

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2003.07.003

Cited by 222 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In the UK, the proportion of children placed on the CPR for physical abuse is less than 1 in 100 of those abused and less than one in three of the children who undergo initial assessment (per year: 0.08% of all children are on the CPR, 0.33% have initial assessment, 8.8% are physically abused). Similarly, Figure 6 shows that studies reporting suspected physical abuse found approximately twice as many cases as those reporting substantiated abuse in the US 45 (0.24% versus 0.4%) and Canada 46 (0.27% versus 0.5%).…”

Section: Burden Of Abusementioning

confidence: 85%

“…One study, 126 based on self-reported physical abuse in young adults, found that only 5% recalled any previous contact with social services, and only 9% of those reporting severe physical abuse. The other study, 46 based on children investigated for any type of abuse by social services, found that 42% had had previous investigations by social services. Although these very different results may reflect recall bias in the first study, they raise the possibility that detection is focused on a particular subpopulation of abused children while a large majority remain undetected.…”

Section: Cpr or Social Work Active Status In Children Identified Withmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…39 One explanation for these disparities is that some abused children may be followed up by social services for other reasons. 34 Wolfner, USA, 1993 37 Theodore, USA, 2005 36 Bardi, Italy, 2003 35 Gelles, Sweden, 1986 38 Gelles Creighton, UK, 1985 53 Christensen, Denmark, 1999 39 NlS-3 study, USA, 2006 (endangerment) 44 NlS-3 study, USA, 2006 (harm) 44 Trocmé, Canada, 2003 46 Gessner An audit of consecutive initial assessments by social services in one London borough found 16 children undergoing initial assessment for suspected physical abuse, but a further 11 with currently documented parental violence were referred for other reasons and only 3 out of the 11 were investigated for other types of abuse (unpublished audit; 32 Table 3 and Appendix 4).…”

Section: Burden Of Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found three studies 46,125,126 that reported the prevalence of previous social work involvement among abused children. The only UK study, an unpublished report, 125 found that 15.5% of 291 children ringing the NSPCC child protection helpline because of any type of abuse were currently social work active and 58% of children had had previous contact.…”

Section: Cpr or Social Work Active Status In Children Identified Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Performance of screening tests for child physical abuse in accident and emergency departments

Woodman¹,

Pitt²,

Wentz³

et al. 2008

Health Technol Assess

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How to obtain copies of this and other HTA Programme reports. An electronic version of this publication, in Adobe Acrobat format, is available for downloading free of charge for personal use from the HTA website (www.hta.ac.uk). A fully searchable CD-ROM is also available (see below).Printed copies of HTA monographs cost £20 each (post and packing free in the UK) to both public and private sector purchasers from our Despatch Agents.Non-UK purchasers will have to pay a small fee for post and packing. For European countries the cost is £2 per monograph and for the rest of the world £3 per monograph.You can order HTA monographs from our Despatch Agents:-fax (with credit card or official purchase order) -post (with credit card or official purchase order or cheque) -phone during office hours (credit card only).Additionally the HTA website allows you either to pay securely by credit card or to print out your order and then post or fax it. Contact details are as follows: Payment methods Paying by chequeIf you pay by cheque, the cheque must be in pounds sterling, made payable to Direct Mail Works Ltd and drawn on a bank with a UK address. Paying by credit cardThe following cards are accepted by phone, fax, post or via the website ordering pages: Delta, Eurocard, Mastercard, Solo, Switch and Visa. We advise against sending credit card details in a plain email. Paying by official purchase orderYou can post or fax these, but they must be from public bodies (i.e. NHS or universities) within the UK. We cannot at present accept purchase orders from commercial companies or from outside the UK. How do I get a copy of HTA on CD?Please use the form on the HTA website (www.hta.ac.uk/htacd.htm). Or contact Direct Mail Works (see contact details above) by email, post, fax or phone. HTA on CD is currently free of charge worldwide.The website also provides information about the HTA Programme and lists the membership of the various committees. HTA NIHR Health Technology Assessment ProgrammeT he Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Programme, part of the National Institute for HealthResearch (NIHR), was set up in 1993. It produces high-quality research information on the effectiveness, costs and broader impact of health technologies for those who use, manage and provide care in the NHS. 'Health technologies' are broadly defined as all interventions used to promote health, prevent and treat disease, and improve rehabilitation and long-term care. The research findings from the HTA Programme directly influence decision-making bodies such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the National Screening Committee (NSC). HTA findings also help to improve the quality of clinical practice in the NHS indirectly in that they form a key component of the 'National Knowledge Service'. The HTA Programme is needs led in that it fills gaps in the evidence needed by the NHS. There are three routes to the start of projects. First is the commissioned route. Suggestions for research are actively sought from people working in t...

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Section: Burden Of Abusementioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Cpr or Social Work Active Status In Children Identified Withmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Burden Of Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cpr or Social Work Active Status In Children Identified Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Performance of screening tests for child physical abuse in accident and emergency departments

Woodman¹,

Pitt²,

Wentz³

et al. 2008

Health Technol Assess

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, the 1998 Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Maltreatment reported that while Aboriginal children account for only 5% of the youth population in Canada, they made up 16% of families investigated due to suspected maltreatment and 9% of substantiated cases of sexual abuse (Trocmé et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cedar Project: Historical trauma, sexual abuse and HIV risk among young Aboriginal people who use injection and non-injection drugs in two Canadian cities

Pearce

Christian²,

Patterson³

et al. 2008

Social Science & Medicine

111

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Recent Indigenist scholarship has situated high rates of traumatic life experiences, including sexual abuse, among Indigenous peoples of North America within the larger context of their status as colonized peoples. Sexual abuse has been linked to many negative health outcomes including mental, sexual and drug-related vulnerabilities. There is a paucity of research in Canada addressing the relationship between antecedent sexual abuse and negative health outcomes among Aboriginal people including elevated risk of HIV infection. The primary objectives of this study were to determine factors associated with sexual abuse among participants of the Cedar Project, a cohort of young Aboriginal people between the ages of 14 and 30 years who use injection and non-injection drugs in two urban centres in British Columbia, Canada; and to locate findings through a lens of historical and intergenerational trauma. We utilized post-colonial perspectives in research design, problem formulation and the interpretation of results. Multivariate modeling was used to determine the extent to which a history of sexual abuse was predictive of negative health

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Mental Illness Following Physical Assault Among Children

et al. 2023

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ImportancePhysical assault during childhood is common and can lead to lasting mental health problems. Yet, there are few studies on the patterns of mental illness (ie, timing of onset, type, and acuity) in survivors of physical assault.ObjectiveTo determine the risk of incident health record diagnoses of mental illness among children who experienced assault compared with children who did not.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based matched cohort study used linked health administrative data sets in Ontario, Canada. Children aged 0 to 13 years who experienced an incident physical assault between 2006 and 2014 were age-matched (1:4) to children who had not experienced assault and followed up for a minimum of 5 years. Data were analyzed from January 2020 to March 2022.ExposurePhysical assault resulting in hospitalization or an emergency department (ED) visit between the ages of 0 and 13 years.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was incident health record diagnosis of mental illness measured as any physician or hospital mental health care use or completed suicide. Secondary outcome measures included the acuity of incident mental illness and mental illness diagnostic category. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis generated hazard ratios (HR) for incident mental illness.ResultsA total of 21 948 children unexposed to assault and 5487 exposed to assault were included in the study with a mean (SD) age of 7.0 (4.6) years. There were more boys in the group that experienced assault (3006 individuals [54.8%]) compared with the group who did not (9909 individuals [45.1%]). Compared with children unexposed to assault, those exposed were more likely to be in the highest deprivation index quintile (standardized difference, 0.21) and live in rural areas (standardized difference, 0.48). Their mothers more often had active mental illness (standardized difference, 0.35). More than one-third of the exposed children had a health record diagnosis of mental illness (2219 children [38.6%]; incidence rate (IR), 53.3 per 1000 person-years) compared with 23.4% (5130 children; IR, 32.2 per 1000 person-years) of unexposed children, with an overall adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.96 (95% CI, 1.85-2.08). The greatest risk was observed in the first year following the assault (aHR, 3.08; 95% CI, 2.68-3.54). In both groups, nonpsychotic disorders were the most common type of mental illness. Initial mental illness diagnoses occurred in an acute care setting for 14.0% of exposed children (769 children) vs 2.8% of unexposed children (609 children).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this population-based matched cohort study, children who experienced assault had, on average, a 2 times higher risk of receiving a mental illness diagnosis and were more likely than children who had not experienced assault to present to acute care for mental illness. Early intervention to support mental health of assaulted children is warranted, particularly in the first year following assault.

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Major findings from the Canadian incidence study of reported child abuse and neglect

Cited by 222 publications

References 7 publications

Performance of screening tests for child physical abuse in accident and emergency departments

Performance of screening tests for child physical abuse in accident and emergency departments

The Cedar Project: Historical trauma, sexual abuse and HIV risk among young Aboriginal people who use injection and non-injection drugs in two Canadian cities

Mental Illness Following Physical Assault Among Children

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