Major element chemistry of sediments from the Darling-Barwon river and its tributaries: implications for sediment and phosphorus sources

Olley, Jon; Caitcheon, Gary

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1085(200005)14:7<1159::aid-hyp6>3.0.co;2-p

Cited by 70 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Each deposit sample consisted of~50 subsamples (20-40 g each), collected at intervals of~2 m along a~500 m section of the river using a hand shovel. Deposit sampling has been widely used in Australia to characterise river sediment in regions in which it is difficult to sample during high flow conditions due to discharge variability and remoteness (Olley and Caitcheon 2000;Wallbrink 2004;Caitcheon et al 2012). Sediment deposit samples collected in this region using the above protocol have previously been found to have statistically identical 137 Cs and 210 Pb ex activity concentrations to suspended sediment samples from time-integrated samplers (Olley et al 2013a) and to result in identical estimates of surface soil contribution ).…”

Section: River Sediment Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment source tracing with stratified sampling and weightings based on spatial gradients in soil erosion

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The results of sediment source tracing in large river catchments depend on defined sources being adequately represented by the sampling and in subsequent numerical analysis. We hypothesise that surface soil concentrations of fallout radionuclides caesium-137 ( 137 Cs) and lead-210 excess ( 210 Pb ex ) are smaller at locations with higher soil erosion rate and that if this is not accounted for, then spatially random sampling gives a biased representation of surface soil delivered to rivers and biased source contribution estimates. Materials and methods Surface soil was sampled across the Burdekin River basin in northeast Australia at 90 locations stratified by three classes of modelled soil erosion rate and analysed by gamma spectroscopy. Separate probability distributions (density functions) were fitted to the 137 Cs concentrations of samples of each erosion class, of subsurface soil and of river sediment. Surface soil distributions were aggregated by weighting in proportion to the upstream area and mean erosion rate of each erosion class, so that the high erosion class contributed disproportionately to the tracer properties of the surface soil source. Source contributions were estimated using a Monte Carlo mixing model. Results and discussion The mean surface soil concentrations of 137 Cs and 210 Pb ex were significantly different between soil erosion classes as hypothesised. Weighting surface soil from the high erosion class more heavily increased the estimated proportion of river sediment contributed from surface soil, by 35 % larger than if surface soil sampling was confined to low erosion areas. Stratified sampling and weighting by erosion rate is of greater importance in river basins with large gradients in soil erosion and where surface soil contributes substantially to river sediment. Surface soil contributed 6 % to fine sediment at the basin outlet and 0-14 % in major tributaries, which was somewhat lower than in a prior study probably due to recent above-average rainfall increasing vegetation ground cover. Conclusions Surface soil sampling for source tracing using fallout radionuclides should be stratified by erosion rate. The tracer properties of high erosion areas should be weighted more heavily than low erosion areas in source mixing models. If comprehensive sampling cannot be afforded, then sampling should be biased towards more highly eroding areas. The approach should be considered for other source tracers whose properties may co-vary with soil erosion rate. Fine sediment delivered from the Burdekin River basin to the Great Barrier Reef lagoon in recent decades was predominantly derived from gully erosion, streambank erosion and rilled and scalded areas on hillslopes.

show abstract

Section: River Sediment Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment source tracing with stratified sampling and weightings based on spatial gradients in soil erosion

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Walling and Woodward 1992), radionuclides were not included in the analysis, since no models capable of estimating the radionuclide activities from the spectra were identified. The advantages of using composite signatures have been previously demonstrated (Collins et al 1997a;Olley and Caitcheon 2000;Walling 2005). Figure 8 shows the hydrograph, the measured suspended sediment concentration, and the centroid source contributions (centroid of the likelihood weighted confidence intervals) for the individual samples collected during the two previously cited storm runoff events in the Wollefsbach catchment.…”

Section: Sediment Source Variability During Storm Runoff Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid spectral-reflectance-based fingerprinting approach for documenting suspended sediment sources during storm runoff events

Martínez‐Carreras¹,

Krein²,

Udelhoven³

et al. 2010

J Soils Sediments

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose This paper reports on the development of a rapid and simple spectra-reflectance-based fingerprinting approach for documenting suspended sediment sources during storm runoff events. The methodology was applied in the rural Wollefsbach catchment (4.4 km 2 , NW Luxembourg). Materials and methods Different chemical properties of the sediment retained on glass fibre filters after filtration were predicted from VIS/NIR spectra (ASD FieldSpec-II spectrometer, 0.4-2.5 µm) through partial least-square regression models (PLSR). Chemical property values measured on time-integrated suspended sediment, bed sediment and potential sediment sources samples (topsoil and channel banks) collected in the catchment were used to calibrate the PLSR models. Appropriate properties were selected and used to apply the 'spectral-reflectance-based fingerprinting approach', in order to estimate the sources of the suspended sediment retained on the filters. Uncertainty associated with model predictions was assessed using an inclusive approach to mixing models based on Bayesian error estimation, incorporating tracer property variability using a Monte Carlo simulation technique. Results and discussion The methodology proved to be a useful, fast and easy to apply approach not only for studying the variation of suspended sediment properties during storm runoff events from spectra, but also for documenting the variation of suspended sediment sources during individual storm events. Conclusions The spectral-reflectance-based fingerprinting approach possesses considerable potential, since it possesses a number of important advantages over conventional source fingerprinting techniques, in terms of cost and time and labour requirements.

show abstract

“…The CIA value of the surface soil ranges between 0.56 and 0.87 with an average value of 0.70 ± 0.07. About 78% of the surface soil samples collected from the catchment have relatively low CIA value ranged from 0.58 to 0.73 with an average of 0.67 ± 0.05 indicating that these soils are not fully weathered and they still contain a significant amount of residual feldspar (Olley and Caitcheon 2000). A few surface samples that were collected from the upper part of the catchment showed higher CIA values ranging from 0.75 to 0.87 (average 0.81 ± 0.06) indicating extensive weathering.…”

Section: Geochemistry: Elemental Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although PP as compared to dissolved P is less harmful to aquatic environment, after settling at the bottom sediments some of the PP may be released to the overlying water as dissolved P (Svendsen et al 1995). Radionuclides, stable isotopes, heavy minerals and geochemical fingerprinting techniques have been successfully applied to identify sources and dynamic of sediments and associated nutrients (Caitcheon et al 1994;Martinotti et al 1997; Olley and Caitcheon 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of diffuse sources to the sediment and phosphorus budgets in Ben Chifley Catchment, Australia

Rahman

Bakri

2009

Environ Earth Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Relative contribution of different diffuse sources to the sediment and phosphorous (P) budgets in the Ben Chifley Reservoir was estimated using a multivariate mixing model and geochemical indices and tracers. The influence of the underlying geology on land use characteristics and the dynamics of sediment and P in the catchment were discussed. Sediments currently in transport to the reservoir are derived mainly from areas underlain by Quaternary alluvium, accounting for 33% of the reservoir sediment budget. A major portion of the sediments from the Quaternary alluvium originates from pasture land which also contributes about 60% of sediment-bound P in the reservoir, followed by cropland (30%) and forest area (10%). Phosphorus-based fertiliser contributes more than 50% of the soil P in pasture and cropland and more than 60% in forest plantation area. The remaining P reaching the reservoir originates from natural soils (native sources). Phosphate from both fertiliser and native sources are transported to the water courses and ultimately the reservoir as a consequence of gully, stream bank and surface erosion. Erosion control, trapping of fertiliser runoff, establishing riparian vegetation and reducing application of P-based fertiliser by increasing native pasture cultivation in the risk areas should be considered as management options for controlling the impact of P and sediment in the reservoir.

show abstract

Major element chemistry of sediments from the Darling-Barwon river and its tributaries: implications for sediment and phosphorus sources

Cited by 70 publications

References 25 publications

Sediment source tracing with stratified sampling and weightings based on spatial gradients in soil erosion

Sediment source tracing with stratified sampling and weightings based on spatial gradients in soil erosion

A rapid spectral-reflectance-based fingerprinting approach for documenting suspended sediment sources during storm runoff events

Contribution of diffuse sources to the sediment and phosphorus budgets in Ben Chifley Catchment, Australia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About