Major central nervous system malformations in South Wales. I. Incidence, local variations and geographical factors.

Laurence, K. M.; Carter, C O; David, P

doi:10.1136/jech.22.3.146

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Epidemiological Characterisncs1

Ascertainment Of Congenital Defects1

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1970

2018

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Cited by 40 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…It also shows that concordant occurrence of anencephaly and spina bifida in twin sets is rare. This may not, however, be true of triplets (Scott and Paterson, 1966;Carter, David, and Laurence, 1968).…”

Section: Epidemiological Characterisncsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major malformations of the central nervous system in Hungary.

Czeizel¹,

Révész²

1970

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

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Section: Epidemiological Characterisncsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major malformations of the central nervous system in Hungary.

Czeizel¹,

Révész²

1970

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

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“…The population incidence varies widely in different parts of the world and in different ethnic groups. In parts of Ireland and South Wales the combined incidence of anencephaly and spina bifida exceeds 10% of all births (Elwood, 1972;Laurence, Carter, and David, 1968).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin dificiencies and neural tube defects.

Smithells¹,

Sheppard²,

Schorah³

1976

Archives of Disease in Childhood

527

229

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944. Vitamin deficiencies and neural tube defects. Serum folate, red cell folate, white blood cell vitamin C, riboflavin saturation index, and serum vitamin A were determined during the first trimester of pregnancy in over 900 cases. For each of these there was a social class gradient. Social classes I + II showed the highest levels which differed significantly from other classes, except for serum folate.In 6 mothers who gave birth to infants with neural tube defects, first trimester serum folate, red cell folate, white blood cell vitamin C, and riboflavin values were lower than in controls. In spite of small numbers the differences were significant for red cell folate (P <0 001) and white blood cell vitamin C (P <0 05).These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that nutritional deficiencies are significant in the causation of congenital defects of the neural tube in man.

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“…The incidence both of anencephalus and of spina bifida without anencephalus is substantially higher in South Wales than in Birmingham. The incidence of neural tube defects is already known to be exceptionally high in parts of South Wales (Laurence, Carter, and David, 1968) and the reasons for this will be explored in a later publication.…”

Section: Ascertainment Of Congenital Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%