Major Bioactive Compounds from Java Plum Seeds: An Investigation of Its Extraction Procedures and Clinical Effects

Abstract

Java plum is widely recognized as a plant with valuable medicinal properties, originating from Indonesia and India and distributed globally in the tropic and sub-tropic regions of the world. The plant is rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, phenyl propanoids, terpenes, tannins, and lipids. The phytoconstituents of the plant seeds possess various vital pharmacological activities and clinical effects including their antidiabetic potential. The bioactive phytoconstituents of Java plum seeds include jambosine, gallic acid, quercetin, β-sitosterol, ferulic acid, guaiacol, resorcinol, p-coumaric acid, corilagin, ellagic acid, catechin, epicatechin, tannic acid, 4,6 hexahydroxydiphenoyl glucose, 3,6-hexahydroxy diphenoylglucose, 1-galloylglucose, and 3-galloylglucose. Considering all the potential beneficial effects of the major bioactive compounds present in the Jamun seeds, in the current investigation, the specific clinical effects and the mechanism of action for the major bioactive compounds along with the extraction procedures are discussed.

Anti-microbial Activities of Syzigium cumini leaves against Periodontophatic Bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis)

“…Therefore, these results show that S. cumini leaves have antibacterial power, especially against anaerobic bacteria. This antibacterial activity may be attributed to the alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, and perhaps resins since these secondary metabolites were detected in the extracts (10,12,20,21).…”

Antidiabetic Activity, Molecular Docking, and ADMET Properties of Compounds Isolated from Bioactive Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Ficus lutea Leaf Extract

“…This study explored epiafzelechin's potential in molecular docking against diabetes-related protein receptors. Epiafzelechin is a type B oligomer propelargonidin [47], and pelargonidin and its glycosides have been demonstrated to possess antidiabetic potential by reducing hyperglycemia and glycation levels as well as stimulating insulin secretion in rodent pancreatic β-cells in vitro [48][49][50], inferring the possible bioactivity of epiafzelechin. The molecular docking study could not unravel the potential activity of epiafzelechin in the same manner it failed with conventional therapeutics, indicating its limitations.…”

A Review on Antidiabetic Edible Plants Used by Garo Community of Meghalaya, India

“…) chromen-4-one, jambolin, and 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl) -4H-1-benzopyran-4-one 85 . Black plum fruits are also rich in oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3tricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid, and 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid 86 .3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, which has been recognized as the main phenolic component present in black plum 87 .…”