Major accidents in process industries and an analysis of causes and consequences

Khan, Faisal; Abbasi, S. A.

doi:10.1016/s0950-4230(98)00062-x

Cited by 288 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A greenbelt can ranging from the micro-level air pollution abatement to enhancement of socio-economic values of the region. serve as a cushion against accidental fires, explosions, and toxic releases [6]. The additional benefits of GBare protection of soil from erosion, improving the micrometeorology of the area, and beautificationof the landscape.…”

Section: The Main Objectives Of Greenbelt Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modeling for the Design of Greenbelts for Air Pollution Control: An Engineering Perspective

Abbasi¹

2012

BIJIEMS

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Abstract---Extensive research has also been done on the pollution attenuation capability of different tree species [2][3][4][5].But, in comparison, much less is known on how to maximize gains from a greenbelt. The normal proactive is to put a circular ring of trees around a pollution source. But it is easy to see that such an approach is likely to have limited utility, if at all. This is because dispersion of particulates and gaseous pollutants never occurs radially in a uniform manner from the epicenter of the exiting plume. Rather, the dispersion is non- uniform and is strongly dependent on wind-speed, winddirection, atmospheric stability, and other meteorological factors.

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Section: The Main Objectives Of Greenbelt Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modeling for the Design of Greenbelts for Air Pollution Control: An Engineering Perspective

Abbasi¹

2012

BIJIEMS

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“…Major accidents, such as those occurred in road and rail transportation (Els Alfacs, Spain, 1978;Lac-Mégantic, Canada, 2013) and gas processing and storage plants (San Juanico, México, 1984;Skikda, Algeria, 2004) are examples of how dangerous the releases of hydrocarbons into the atmosphere can become (Khan and Abbasi, 1999;Abbasi and Abbasi, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Configuration factors for ground level fireballs with shadowing

Vı́lchez¹,

Muñoz²,

Bonilla

et al. 2018

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries

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A B S T R A C TThis paper presents new configuration factors for a fireball located at ground level, as radiation emitting source, and a differential receiver, considering the shadow effect of a third finite area that stands between them. The configuration factors were obtained with the combination of a numerical method and a ray-tracing algorithm and are summarized in form of a practical single chart. This work contributes significantly to the knowledge of configuration factors between a sphere and a differential receiver considering the shadow effect because so far, there are no references in existing catalogs in the literature about this specific geometry. Configuration factors serve as inputs for surface-to-surface radiation transport calculations and other like. In chemical engineering, the radiant field produced by a fireball has a strong interest in consequences assessment. Current fireball models do not consider the shadow effect, overestimating vulnerability by thermal radiation and leading to greater safety distances. A case study has been performed to show the interference of a protection wall with respect to the radiation intensity received by a target.

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“…For example, the well-known Macondo blowout that occurred during the last stage of a drilling operation resulted in 11 fatalities and the largest oil spill in the history of offshore oil and gas industry. Predicting early kick or lost circulation, and taking necessary precautions, have been regarded as key measures to avoid such kind of disastrous accidents (Khan and Abbasi, 1999;Skogdalen and Vinnem, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A DBN-based risk assessment model for prediction and diagnosis of offshore drilling incidents

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2016

Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering

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Abstract:Drilling operations of offshore oil and gas fields are characterized by high reliance on advanced technology, high risk, and high costs due to operating in harsh ocean environments, under complicated geological factors, and extreme operating condition. Lost circulation or well "kick" are examples of hazardous events that may occur while drilling wells and such events may develop into a blowout accident if not handled. Identification and analysis of root causes and consequences are effective measures to prevent serious accidents from happening. The risk of having a blowout may change with time, depending on the stage of the drilling operation, and such kind of dynamics should be captured in risk assessment. This paper presents an approach for determining the conditional probabilities of hazardous events and their consequences. The approach includes models that take into account the influence of degradation and (if used in operation) new real-time information which represents the change in a state of a model parameter (such as state change of mud density) that can be captured while the drilling operation is ongoing.The approach presents a newly-developed model based on the basic theory of Dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) and this proposed model can incorporate some additional nodes to handle the uncertainty issues involving the model uncertainty and relevant parameters' uncertainty and also consider the effect of degradation, which are missed in other papers when using the DBN method for risk assessment of similar systems and operations. The main objective of this newly-developed model is to demonstrate how dynamic risk assessments can be used for incident prediction evolution as well as root cause reasoning during offshore drilling operation, given that a specific event has occurred. A bowtie model is established firstly to link the potential incident scenarios with pressure regimes and formation load capacity, and then the model is translated into a DBN. DBN inference is adapted to perform predictive and diagnostic analysis in different time slices for risk assessment and root cause reasoning. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to find the relative importance of each root cause in generating the potential drilling incidents. A case study with focusing on lost circulation during three drilling scenarios is used to illustrate and verify the feasibility of the proposed approach.Key words: Dynamic Bayesian network (DBN); drilling incidents; dynamic risk assessment; prediction of incident evolution; root cause reasoning Highlights: Potential incident scenarios with pressure regimes and weak formation are presented.  A newly-developed model based on Dynamic Bayesian Network is proposed for offshore drilling incidents.  Effects of model and parameter uncertainty are taken into account.  Prediction of risk evolution and root cause reasoning are performed based on the influence of degradation and occurred events.

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Major accidents in process industries and an analysis of causes and consequences

Cited by 288 publications

References 6 publications

Mathematical Modeling for the Design of Greenbelts for Air Pollution Control: An Engineering Perspective

Mathematical Modeling for the Design of Greenbelts for Air Pollution Control: An Engineering Perspective

Configuration factors for ground level fireballs with shadowing

A DBN-based risk assessment model for prediction and diagnosis of offshore drilling incidents

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