Maize yields benefit from injected manure positioned in bands

Schröder, J.J.; Vermeulen, G.D.; Schoot, J.R. van der; Dijk, W. van; Huijsmans, J.F.M.; Meuffels, G.J.H.M.; Schans, D.A. van der

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2014.12.011

Cited by 48 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In 2016, amending the control with starter P (P+) increased shoot P uptake to approximately the levels of the high WS plots with no starter (P−), but starter P increased shoot biomass and P uptake of high WS plots by >50% (34% in 2015), despite >1000 kg ha −1 net P surplus over 11 yr in these plots. These results help to explain the common farm practice of supplying corn with starter commercial fertilizer, even on soils with histories of high manure P application rates and soil‐test P (Bittman et al, 2012; Schröder et al, 2015). Overall, legacy P did not obviate the need of starter for juvenile corn.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Adequate supplies of available P near the seed and root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are important for early growth of corn even in high‐P‐testing soils, and farmers frequently place (sideband) P fertilizer (referred to as “starter”) near seed at planting (Grant et al, 2005; Bittman et al, 2006). Recent studies showed that starter P could be replaced by injecting the high‐P separated sludge fraction from dairy slurry <10 cm from the seed furrow (Bittman et al, 2012; Schröder et al, 2015; Pedersen et al, 2017). The effects of repeated applications of LF vs. WS to grassland on P responses of subsequent corn crops have not been reported.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Availability of Phosphorus after Long‐term Whole and Separated Slurry Application to Perennial Grass prior to Corn Silage

Zhang¹,

Bittman²,

Hunt³

et al. 2018

J of Env Quality

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Removing solids from whole dairy slurry (WS) can reduce P loading on fields. This study investigated the effects of 11 yr of applications of WS, separated liquid fraction (LF), commercial fertilizer, WS plus fertilizer, and a control on total and extractable (Kelowna) soil P in perennial grass ( Schreb.) and two subsequent silage corn ( L.) crops. Plots received 200 kg N ha with or without 40 kg P ha. Shoot biomass, P uptake, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi root colonization, and soil microbial P were determined for corn at six leaves. Whole-crop and grain yield, P uptake, dry matter, and grain content were determined at maturity. The LF treatment received 30% less manure P than WS, had lower extractable soil P at 0 to 15 and 15 to 30 cm, and had lower total P at 0 to 15 cm. Historical treatments had no effect on soil microbial P or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization. At six leaves, corn shoot biomass, P concentration, and P uptake were related to historical P rates in Year 2, but the relationship was not apparent in Year 1. Starter P fertilizer increased shoot yield and P uptake for all treatments in both years. At maturity, most yield parameters for WS and LF were similar in Year 1, but in Year 2, there was a significant response to starter P fertilizer and a positive relationship between historical P rate and corn performance. This study shows that long-term LF treatments reduced the risk of P pollution with relatively little effect on the P response of subsequent corn crops.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability of Phosphorus after Long‐term Whole and Separated Slurry Application to Perennial Grass prior to Corn Silage

Zhang¹,

Bittman²,

Hunt³

et al. 2018

J of Env Quality

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Further, Leytem and Westermann (2005) found that Pw was closely related to Olsen-P (P extractable in a solution of sodium bicarbonate), a soil P-test that is widely used not just in Europe; the quantity of Olsen-P was 1.6 times higher than that obtained by the Pw test. However, Schröder et al (2015) questioned the use of Pw and argued that this P-test was unable to integrate the intensity and the capacity of soils to supply P to crops. We therefore analysed Pw in soil and the performance of maize plants grown along a soil P gradient using four transects crossing plots with no P addition (but ample supply of N and K) and plots with N, P and K added in animal manure or mineral fertilizers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water extractable soil P (Pw) has long been considered a reliable and sensitive P-test for readily plant available P (Sibbesen, 1983;van der Paauw, 1971) by reflecting P already in the soil solution and easily desorbed P (the P intensity factor). However, the value of Pw in P fertilizer recommendations has been criticized recently (Schröder et al, 2015). We therefore tested the predictive power of Pw by relating it to P uptake and growth of silage maize because P in the soil solution remains the ultimate source of P for growing roots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term effects of animal manure and mineral fertilizers on phosphorus availability and silage maize growth

Jing

Christensen

Sørensen

et al. 2019

Soil Use and Management

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A better appraisal of the plant availability of soil phosphorus (P) added with animal manure is crucial to alleviate environmental impacts from over-application of P. This study compares the availability of P to maize in the Askov long-term experiments using unmanured plots and plots receiving corresponding rates of nitrogen (N), P and potassium (K) in mineral fertilizers or manure. Total-P and water extractable P (Pw) in soil, and plant height, dry weight, P concentration and P uptake were determined in early August. Final yields were determined in late October. Soil Pw was similar for plots receiving corresponding rates of P in mineral fertilizer or manure form. With a strong relationship between Pw, and maize growth and final yields, Pw was a reliable indicator of P availability to maize. Plant dry weight, P concentration and P uptake in early August were 23%, 8% and 31% higher, respectively, for maize grown on soil receiving manure compared with mineral fertilizer, while final maize yield in late October was 13% higher. Plant height and dry weight determined in early August suggested that maize development at this growth stage defined final maize yield. We conclude that the availability of P was similar after long-term application of corresponding rates of P in animal manure and mineral fertilizers, and that animal manure improves the growth of maize compared to mineral fertilizers. This is ascribed to micronutrients and residual N effects from previous additions of manure. K E Y W O R D Scattle slurry, long-term experiment, maize, mineral fertilizer, water extractable P 324 | JING et al.

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“…Sufficient P supply during early growth of corn is of great importance in order to support optimum crop yield (Barry & Miller, 1989). Row‐injection of cattle slurry close to the row is a promising option to ensure sufficient P uptake by young corn plants (Bittman et al., 2012; Pedersen, Rubæk, & Sørensen, 2017; Schröder et al., 2015). A targeted P supply to young corn plants via precision placement of cattle slurry could potentially obviate the use of mineral P starter fertilizer based on rock phosphate, thereby contributing to development of circular economies (EC, 2014), and at the same time minimizing soil P accumulation on intensive livestock farms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage to the primary root in response to cattle slurry placed near seed may compromise early growth of corn

et al. 2020

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Placement of cattle slurry below the row could potentially replace mineral phosphorus (P) starter fertilizer in corn (Zea mays) production, but a concentrated slurry layer near the seed may also restrict root growth. This study was designed to assess how the distance between seed and layer-banded slurry affected initial growth of corn. In a pot experiment with corn on a coarse sandy soil, nitrogen-labeled ( 15 N) cattle slurry was placed 1.5, 5, 8.5, or 12 cm below the seed, and responses on early root growth, shoot biomass, and nutrient uptake were studied. Soil chemical properties near the slurry band were determined in unplanted soil. Placement of slurry 1.5 cm below the seed damaged the primary root, which subsequently reduced shoot biomass and N uptake. Shoot P uptake remained unaffected by slurry placement depth. The 15 N assay revealed that plants were able to take up N from the slurry band despite damage to the primary root. The shoot biomass was higher in the inorganic N and P treatment than in the slurry treatments. Within a few centimeters above the slurry band, the soil was characterized by high moisture and high concentrations of ammonium and nitrite 21 and 35 d after slurry application, which may have caused the damages of the primary root. We conclude that placement of slurry near the seed can damage the primary root of corn. To prevent root injuries, banded slurry should be placed at least 5 cm below the seed.

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Maize yields benefit from injected manure positioned in bands

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

Availability of Phosphorus after Long‐term Whole and Separated Slurry Application to Perennial Grass prior to Corn Silage

Availability of Phosphorus after Long‐term Whole and Separated Slurry Application to Perennial Grass prior to Corn Silage

Long‐term effects of animal manure and mineral fertilizers on phosphorus availability and silage maize growth

Damage to the primary root in response to cattle slurry placed near seed may compromise early growth of corn

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