Maize straw mulching with no-tillage increases fertile spike and grain yield of dryland wheat by regulating root-soil interaction and nitrogen nutrition

Yang, Hongnan; Li, Jingang; Ge, Wu; Huang, Xiulan; Fan, Guoquan

doi:10.1016/j.still.2023.105652

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Although the use of biochar is a novel method for increasing soil carbon storage, crop productivity, and reducing GHG emissions (Gangopadhyay et al., 2022; Han et al., 2023), this study discovered that the more biochar used, the lower the NEEB obtained, and N fertilizer alone can achieve the highest NEEB (Table 3). On the one hand, due to the current high price of biochar (110 $ Mg −1 ) and the low international C price (35 $ Mg −1 CO 2 eq), the economic return is low, so the application of biochar in some agricultural ecosystems is restricted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Trade‐off between soil carbon sequestration and net ecosystem economic benefits for paddy fields under long‐term application of biochar

Chen,

Han,

Dong

et al. 2023

GCB Bioenergy

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The application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer can increase rice yield, soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, few studies have systematically evaluated the carbon footprint (CF) and net ecosystem economic benefits (NEEB) of paddy ecosystems under long‐term application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer. Here, the life cycle assessment method was used to quantify the CF and NEEB of paddy fields under different biochar and nitrogen fertilizer application rates in 7 years. Three biochar rates of 0 (B0), 4.5 (B1) and 13.5 t ha−1 year−1 (B2) and two nitrogen fertilizer rates of 0 (N0) and 300 kg ha−1 year−1 (N) were set. The results showed that B2 significantly increased methane (CH4) emission by 38%, decreased nitrous oxide (N2O) emission by 29%, and significantly increased global warming potential by 27% compared with B0. Besides that, biochar application significantly increased ΔCSOC by 87%–173% and reduced CF by 1.6–1.8 Mg CO2 eq ha−1. Among them, CH4 and N2O emissions contributed 46%–95% of total GHG emissions, and the production and transportation of nitrogen fertilizer and biochar contributed 17%–52% of total GHG emissions. Nitrogen fertilizer application can significantly increase rice yield by 85% compared to the N0, which could bring the largest NEEB. Biochar application had a negative influence on the NEEB regardless of N application. This might be attributable to the fact that the economic gains from increased rice production and SOC caused by biochar cannot outweigh the high cost of biochar. These results suggest that the biochar application can significantly improve the SOC sequestration and reduce the CF, but also had negative effect on NEEB in paddy filed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Trade‐off between soil carbon sequestration and net ecosystem economic benefits for paddy fields under long‐term application of biochar

Chen,

Han,

Dong

et al. 2023

GCB Bioenergy

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“…The grain weight remains unchanged due to greater variation in grain number per meter square in a broad range of environments, and grain weight may be largely determined by developmental processes before grain filling and starch accumulation then fills the grain to a physical limit set by developmental processes (Fahy et al., 2018; Sun et al., 2022). The water and fertilizer effects of straw mulching promote the formation of wheat tillers and the development of young spikes and improve the photosynthetic efficiency of crops, and later material accumulation, thereby increasing the number of spikes per unit area and improving yield (Shang et al., 2023; Yang et al., 2023). Applying 75 and 120 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 of P with SM had no significant difference in yield, indicating that appropriate application of P fertilizer with SM could promote yield increases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Straw mulching combined with phosphorus fertilization increased photosynthesis rate and grain yield of wheat due to reduced stomatal and mesophyll limitations

He,

Xie,

et al. 2023

Crop Science

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Background: Phosphorus has been proposed as an important factor determining photosynthesis through improvements in leaf anatomical traits and carboxylation efficiency. However, little is known about the combined effects of straw mulch and P fertilizer on the relationship between flag leaf P content and photosynthesis.Aims: This study conducted to determine the combined effects of straw mulch combined with P fertilizer on wheat flag leaf photosynthetic capacity and grain yield.Methods: We performed field experiments during 2020–2022 to investigate the combined effects of straw mulch (0 and 8000 kg ha−1) with P fertilizer (0, 75, and 120 kg P2O5 ha−1) in southwest China.Results: Straw mulch with 75 kg P2O5 ha−1 gave an 18.3% yield advantage over no mulch with 120 kg P2O5 ha−1. Straw mulching with P fertilizer increased flag leaf P content and increased stomatal density. These changes increased stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance and net photosynthetic rate by 17.4%, 16.3%, and 20.8%, respectively, compared with no‐mulch plots. The increased Pn was found associated with decreased stomatal and mesophyll limitation. Straw mulching with P fertilizer increased the activities of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase‐oxygenase and sucrose synthesis enzymes, thus promoting sucrose synthesis in flag leaves, which is beneficial for increasing grain number per m2 and grain yield.Conclusions: Straw mulching combined with 75 kg P2O5 ha−1 increased flag leaves P content and stomatal density, and increased stomatal and mesophyll conductance, resulting in improved leaf photosynthesis and grain yield.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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“…The obtained roots were rinsed with clean water and scanned with the root scanning system (LA2400; Epson, Suwa, Japan), and the images were analyzed with root analysis software (WinRHIZO; Regent Instruments Inc., Quebec City, QC, Canada) to obtain root length, root surface area, root volume and average root diameter. Finally, the roots were dried to obtain the root dry weight 28 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…51 The results support the proposal that optimizing the interspecific row spacing could promote root growth, boost nutrients acquired and subsequently increase land productivity. 28…”

Section: Effects Of Relay Intercropping On Yield and Lermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the roots were dried to obtain the root dry weight. 28 The yield and land equivalent ratio During the harvesting period of soybean and maize, whole plants from a 5-m long strip were collected from each plot for weight calculation and yield per hectare estimation. The land equivalent ratio (LER) is used as an indicator of land productivity.…”

Section: Root Sampling Of Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of soil physicochemical environment on the plasticity of root growth and land productivity in maize soybean relay strip intercropping system

Peng,

Ren,

Chen

et al. 2024

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUNDSoil is a key foundation of crop root growth. There are interactions between root system and soil in multiple ways. The present study aimed to further explore the response of root distribution and morphology to soil physical and chemical environment under maize (Zea mays L.) soybean (Glycine Max L. Merr.) relay strip intercropping (MS) An experiment was carried out aiming to examine the effects of nitrogen (N) applications and interspecific distances on root system and soil environment in MS. The two N application levels, referred to as no N application (NN) and conventional N application (CN), were paired with different interspecific distances: 30, 45 and 60 cm (MS30, MS45 and MS60) and 100 cm of monoculture maize and soybean (MM/SS100).RESULTSThe results demonstrated that MS45 increased the distribution of soil aggregates (> 2 mm) near the crop roots and maize soil nutrients status, which increased by 20.3% and 15.6%. Meanwhile, MS reduced soil bulk density, increased soil porosity and improved soil oxygen content. Optimization of the soil environment facilitated root growth. The MS45 achieved a better result on root distribution and morphology than the other configuration and also increased land productivity.CONCLUSIONRelay intercropped soybean with maize in interspecific row spacing of 45 cm, improved soil physicochemical environment, reshaped root architecture and optimized root spatial distribution of crops to achieve greater land productivity. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Maize straw mulching with no-tillage increases fertile spike and grain yield of dryland wheat by regulating root-soil interaction and nitrogen nutrition

Cited by 20 publications

References 59 publications

Trade‐off between soil carbon sequestration and net ecosystem economic benefits for paddy fields under long‐term application of biochar

Trade‐off between soil carbon sequestration and net ecosystem economic benefits for paddy fields under long‐term application of biochar

Straw mulching combined with phosphorus fertilization increased photosynthesis rate and grain yield of wheat due to reduced stomatal and mesophyll limitations

Effects of soil physicochemical environment on the plasticity of root growth and land productivity in maize soybean relay strip intercropping system

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