Maize grain yield components and source-sink relationship as affected by the delay in sowing date

Bonelli, Lucas E.; Monzón, Juan Pablo; Cerrudo, A.; Rizzalli, Roberto H.; Andrade, Fernando H.

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2016.09.003

Cited by 121 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These F I G U R E 6 Partition of assimilates for the different organs of the aerial part, in sorghum (a and c) and maize (b and d) plants, according to the evaluation period (days after emergence) and first and second cropping in Viçosa, Minas Gerais results corroborate our results and also confirm the effects of low temperatures on the cycle of these crops. Delays in flowering and grain maturity time were also observed for maize plants in the second cropping, which is mainly explained by the photoperiod change (Bonelli, Monzon, Cerrudo, Rizzalli, & Andrade, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Phenological and physiological evaluation of first and second cropping periods of sorghum and maize crops

Barbosa

Kuki

Bengala

et al. 2019

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Environmental conditions influence phenology and physiological processes of plants. It is common for maize and sorghum to be sown at two different periods: the first cropping (spring/summer) and the second cropping (autumn/winter). The phenological cycle of these crops varies greatly according to the planting season, and it is necessary to characterize the growth and development to facilitate the selection of the species best adapted to the environment. The aim of this study was to characterize phenological phases and physiological parameters in sorghum and maize plants as a function of environmental conditions from the first cropping and second cropping periods. Two parallel experiments were conducted with both crops. The phenological characterization was based on growth analyses (plant height, leaf area and photoassimilate partitioning) and gas exchange evaluations (net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration and water‐use efficiency). It was found that the vegetative stage (VS) for sorghum and maize plants was 7 and 21 days, respectively, longer when cultivated during the second cropping. In the first cropping, the plants were taller than in the second cropping, regardless of the crop. The stomatal conductance of sorghum plants fluctuated in the second cropping during the development period, while maize plants showed decreasing linear behaviour. Water‐use efficiency in sorghum plants was higher during the second cropping compared with the first cropping. In maize plants, in the second cropping, the water‐use efficiency showed a slight variation in relation to the first cropping. It was concluded that the environmental conditions as degree‐days, temperature, photoperiod and pluvial precipitation influence the phenology and physiology of both crops during the first and the second cropping periods, specifically cycle duration, plant height, leaf area, net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance and water‐use efficiency, indicating that both crops respond differentially to environmental changes during the growing season.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…These results corroborate our results and also confirm the effects of low temperatures on the cycle of these crops. Delays in flowering and grain maturity time were also observed for maize plants in the second cropping, which is mainly explained by the photoperiod change (Bonelli, Monzon, Cerrudo, Rizzalli, & Andrade, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Phenological and physiological evaluation of first and second cropping periods of sorghum and maize crops

Barbosa

Kuki

Bengala

et al. 2019

J Agronomy Crop Science

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“…Numerous studies have reported that changing the sowing date is an effective method to achieve high yields (Bassu, Asseng, Motzo, & Giunta, ; Bonelli, Monzon, Cerrudo, Rizzalli, & Andrade, ; Tsimba, Edmeades, Millner, & Kemp, ,b; Zhou et al., ). Changing the sowing date of maize changes the growing environment from sowing to harvest, which in turn affects maize growth and yield (Hegyi et al., ; Liu, Hou et al., ; Liu, Xie et al., ; Ruiz Corral et al., ; Tsimba, Edmeades, Millner, & Kemp, ,b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have reported that changing the sowing date is an effective method to achieve high yields (Bassu, Asseng, Motzo, & Giunta, 2009;Bonelli, Monzon, Cerrudo, Rizzalli, & Andrade, 2016;Tsimba, Edmeades, Millner, & Kemp, 2013a,b;Zhou et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating heat and chilling stress by adjusting the sowing date of maize in the North China Plain

Tian

Zhu

Nie

et al. 2018

J Agronomy Crop Science

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The North China Plain (NCP) is one of the major areas of cereal production, and in recent years its maize (Zea mays L.) production has been influenced by both heat and chilling stresses. Adjusting the sowing date is an effective measure for mitigating these stresses. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We performed a 5‐year field experiment to determine how the sowing date mitigated heat and chilling stresses at Wuqiao Experimental Station in the NCP with three treatments: early sowing (ES), middle sowing (MS), and late sowing (LS). In all 5 years, higher grain yields were observed in the MS (averaged 11.7 Mg/ha) and LS (averaged 11.4Mg/ha) treatments compared with the ES (averaged 10.9Mg/ha) treatment. The lower yield in ES treatment mainly resulted from high temperature 5 days pre‐silking and 5 days post‐silking (>31.8°C). In 2015 and 2016, the lower grain yield in LS (11.4Mg/ha in 2015 and 11.2Mg/ha in 2016) treatment compared with MS (12.1Mg/ha in 2015 and 11.9Mg/ha in 2016) was mainly because the minimum temperature was <13.0°C 5 days before maturity or <13.6°C 10 days before maturity. Long‐term weather data further verified middle sowing would be appropriate in a changing climate. Therefore, we can conclude that sowing date manipulation constitutes a useful method for mitigating heat and chilling stresses for maize production.

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“…This could have negative effects on yield in maize, which mainly depends on postsilking photosynthetic rates (Chen et al , ; Zhu et al , ). Delayed sowing has been shown to limit the supply of assimilates during grain fill, leading to reduced yields (Bonelli et al , ). RAF1‐LSSS plants maintained significantly higher postsilking photosynthetic rates and a shorter flowering time compared to WT plants under both control and stressed conditions (Figure b, Table ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Rubisco content in maize mitigates chilling stress and speeds recovery

Salesse-Smith

Sharwood

Busch

et al. 2019

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Many C 4 plants, including maize, perform poorly under chilling conditions. This phenomenon has been linked in part to decreased Rubisco abundance at lower temperatures. An exception to this is chilling-tolerant Miscanthus, which is able to maintain Rubisco protein content under such conditions. The goal of this study was to investigate whether increasing Rubisco content in maize could improve performance during or following chilling stress. Here, we demonstrate that transgenic lines overexpressing Rubisco large and small subunits and the Rubisco assembly factor RAF1 (RAF1-LSSS), which have increased Rubisco content and growth under control conditions, maintain increased Rubisco content and growth during chilling stress. RAF1-LSSS plants exhibited 12% higher CO 2 assimilation relative to nontransgenic controls under control growth conditions, and a 17% differential after 2 weeks of chilling stress, although assimilation rates of all genotypes were~50% lower in chilling conditions. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements showed RAF1-LSSS and WT plants had similar rates of photochemical quenching during chilling, suggesting Rubisco may not be the primary limiting factor that leads to poor performance in maize under chilling conditions. In contrast, RAF1-LSSS had improved photochemical quenching before and after chilling stress, suggesting that increased Rubisco may help plants recover faster from chilling conditions. Relatively increased leaf area, dry weight and plant height observed before chilling in RAF1-LSSS were also maintained during chilling. Together, these results demonstrate that an increase in Rubisco content allows maize plants to better cope with chilling stress and also improves their subsequent recovery, yet additional modifications are required to engineer chilling tolerance in maize.

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Maize grain yield components and source-sink relationship as affected by the delay in sowing date

Cited by 121 publications

References 33 publications

Phenological and physiological evaluation of first and second cropping periods of sorghum and maize crops

Phenological and physiological evaluation of first and second cropping periods of sorghum and maize crops

Mitigating heat and chilling stress by adjusting the sowing date of maize in the North China Plain

Increased Rubisco content in maize mitigates chilling stress and speeds recovery

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