Maintenance of metabolism during intensive patient care

Peaston, M. J. T.

doi:10.1136/pgmj.43.498.317

Cited by 38 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…In many cases, little thought is given to the constitution or administration of such feeds, and they have achieved a certain notoriety from their commonly found tendency to produce diarrhoea (Peaston, 1967). Many of the prepacked 'elemental diets' are not only extremely expensive but, by virtue of the fact that they are ready mixed, lack the flexibility required in many intensive care situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged nasogastric tube feeding in critically ill and surgical patients

Woolfson

Saour

Ricketts

et al. 1976

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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Fifteen patients with varying diagnoses were fed via nasogastric tubes for between 7 and 41 days using a feed consisting of Caloreen (a glucose polymer) and Albumaid (a beef serum hydrolysate) with vitamin and mineral supplements. The feed proved nutritionally adequate and relatively free of complications. Diarrhoea was seen only in those patients receiving antibiotics by the nasogastric route. Codeine phosphate abolished this symptom in all patients. The constant drip method of administration proved efficient and time saving. Unlike prepacked preparations, the feed could be varied in composition to suit the clinical situation. This was of particular advantage in the intensive care context. The feed was relatively inexpensive.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged nasogastric tube feeding in critically ill and surgical patients

Woolfson

Saour

Ricketts

et al. 1976

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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“…Indeed, Pollack & Halpem commented in 1952 that dietary practices in hospitals had not kept abreast of advances in the field of nutrition. Platt et al (1963), found that defects in the nutritional care of patients were due in part to 'the concentration of medical staff, and in the teaching of nursing staff upon special dietary requirements of particular diseases to the exclusion from due consideration ofthe general requirements of patients and the difficulties imposed by the restrictions of illness upon their satisfaction '. Peaston (1967) found that the number of nurses in a general ward is 'nearly always inadequate', if more than one or two patients require tube-feeding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision‐making in the nutritional care of unconscious patients

Jones¹,

Dickerson

1976

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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A study ofthe preparation and administration of naso-gastric feeds to unconscious patients in a number of general hospitals showed that one ofthe main areas of neglect was in decision-making. There was minimal involvement by medical personnel and dietetic staff in prescribing feeds for patients, resulting in feeding regimes being administered to patients substantially below their presumed requirements.

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“…The total amount of fat administered was 15 kg. Peaston [1967] in a series of studies, has performed complete parenteral nutrition in adult patients. The daily supply was, on the average, 3 1 of water, 3,500 kcal, 100 g amino acids as Aminosol, 225 g carbohydrates as glucose and fructose, 200 g fat as Intralipid.…”

Section: Long-term Complete Intravenous Nutrition In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most cases of i. v. nutrition, bigger quantities of sodium have been given. D u d r ic k et al [1968,1969], Peaston [1966Peaston [ , 1967 and Stell [1970] allowed between 125 and 160 mmol sodium/day. To 1 patient, who was on parenteral feeding for more than 7 months, Bergstrom et al [1971] gave an average of 52 mmol sodium/day.…”

Section: Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete Intravenous Nutrition

Wretlind¹

1972

Ann Nutr Metab

105

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A large number of experimental and clinical investigations has shown that an adequate, complete intravenous (i.v.) nutrition can be provided by using an amino acid mixture, glucose or fructose, fat emulsions, electrolytes and vitamins. A brief summary of the various investigations of the necessary quantities of energy and nutrients has been given. Based on these studies, recommendations have been made for the supply of nutrients in complete i.v. nutrition, which will cover the requirements of a patient. In many cases it is difficult or even impossible to infuse the required amount of energy in the form of carbohydrate and alcohol. With fat emulsions, however, it is easy to supply the required amount of energy. An i.v. fat emulsion of choice should have the same properties as chylomicrons. Such fat emulsion seems to be metabolized in about the same way as the fat from the ordinary food. By a complete i.v. nutrition including fat emulsions it is possible to maintain a good nutritional status in most patients as well as to produce growth in infants for reasonably long periods of time in cases when oral feeding is impossible or inadequate. Adult patients have been kept in good nutritional condition for periods up to 7 months on complete or total i.v. feeding. By the use of an adequate complete i.v. nutrition the loss of body protein and body weight in the post-operative period can be reduced to a large extent in the adult patient. In neonates and infants it is possible not only to eliminate the loss of body protein and body weight in the post-operative period, but also to promote formation of new body protein and induce growth by i.v. feeding. A complete or total i.v. nutrition to be looked upon as an alternative to oral food intake should include about 40% of the energy supply as fat corresponding to the amount in the normal food. Up to 60–80% of the energy has been supplied as fat. Total i.v. nutrition with 40% of the energy intake in the form of fat has been maintained during the whole gestation period in dog. Six puppies with no anatomical abnormalities were delivered, three of them survived.

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Maintenance of metabolism during intensive patient care

Cited by 38 publications

References 101 publications

Prolonged nasogastric tube feeding in critically ill and surgical patients

Prolonged nasogastric tube feeding in critically ill and surgical patients

Decision‐making in the nutritional care of unconscious patients

Complete Intravenous Nutrition

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