Main types of insoles described in the literature and their applicability for musculoskeletal disorders of the lower limbs: A systematic review of clinical studies

Mendes, André Augusto Martines Teixeira; Silva, Hugo Jário de Almeida; Costa, Ana Rafaella Araújo; Pinheiro, Yago Tavares; Lins, Caio Alano de Almeida; Souza, Marcelo Cardoso de

doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.06.001

Cited by 11 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Secondly, the users input the shoe size and the required insole thickness. We assigned an insole thickness of 3 mm, which is the usual thickness of insole materials [ 23 ]. Thirdly, based on the scanned 3D contour, the software generated the insole design with arch support, metatarsal pad, and heel cup.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three-Dimensional Printed Foot Orthosis for Flexible Flatfoot: An Exploratory Biomechanical Study on Arch Support Reinforcement and Undercut

et al. 2021

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The advancement of 3D printing and scanning technology enables the digitalization and customization of foot orthosis with better accuracy. However, customized insoles require rectification to direct control and/or correct foot deformity, particularly flatfoot. In this exploratory study, we aimed at two design rectification features (arch stiffness and arch height) using three sets of customized 3D-printed arch support insoles (R+U+, R+U−, and R−U+). The arch support stiffness could be with or without reinforcement (R+/−) and the arch height may or may not have an additional elevation, undercutting (U+/−), which were compared to the control (no insole). Ten collegiate participants (four males and six females) with flexible flatfoot were recruited for gait analysis on foot kinematics, vertical ground reaction force, and plantar pressure parameters. A randomized crossover trial was conducted on the four conditions and analyzed using the Friedman test with pairwise Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Compared to the control, there were significant increases in peak ankle dorsiflexion and peak pressure at the medial midfoot region, accompanied by a significant reduction in peak pressure at the hindfoot region for the insole conditions. In addition, the insoles tended to control hindfoot eversion and forefoot abduction though the effects were not significant. An insole with stronger support features (R+U+) did not necessarily produce more favorable outcomes, probably due to over-cutting or impingement. The outcome of this study provides additional data to assist the design rectification process. Future studies should consider a larger sample size with stratified flatfoot features and covariating ankle flexibility while incorporating more design features, particularly medial insole postings.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Three-Dimensional Printed Foot Orthosis for Flexible Flatfoot: An Exploratory Biomechanical Study on Arch Support Reinforcement and Undercut

et al. 2021

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“…3 The most common types are custom-made and prefabricated. 7 Customized-foot orthotics are uniquely manufactured for the individual from a plaster cast or 3-dimensional laser scan of the foot. These contrast with prefabricated foot orthotics (also referred as "over-the-counter"), which are mass-produced based on foot sizes.…”

Section: Context and Policy Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Custom-Made Foot Orthotics for People With Lower Limb Conditions

Barbara¹,

Horton²

2022

cjht

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There were no statistically significant differences between custom-made foot orthotics and prefabricated foot orthotics for plantar heal pain in adults. There is limited evidence for short-term pain relief and improved quality of life with custom-made orthotics compared to placebo or no intervention in adults with plantar fasciitis. Custom-made foot orthotics are less cost-effective than other interventions (placebo, prefabricated orthotics, usual care) in the short and medium term. Two evidence-based guidelines recommended the use of custom-made foot orthotics in patients with diabetes for prevention and treatment of foot ulceration.

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“…The challenge, in both cases, is to make the design of the plantar orthosis consistent with the anatomical features of the foot and the treatment needs based on the condition. Customized insoles achieve a greater approach to that requirement [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Modular Plantar Orthosis System through the Application of TRIZ Methodology Tools

et al. 2021

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Innovations within the medical device sector are constantly and rapidly emerging due to increasing demand, especially for orthosis systems, which usually constitute built rigids with low comfort, due mainly to the standardized production process. This article reports the design process of a plantar orthosis system from the application of Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) tools, known as generic parameters, matrix of contradictions, and inventive principles. The final orthosis is integrated by four modules or components (1 central and 3 movables) and customers can buy only the required ones, reducing cost in unnecessary parts. The plantar orthosis was defined based on three engineering parameters that delimited the design work by developing a customizable system that is capable of performing simultaneous functions and whose manufacture could be standardized. We identified the existence of a technical contradiction between the engineering parameters, customization, and standardization, which was solved by the inventive principles of segmentation, inversion, transition to a new dimension, and porous materials. A modular design with four components was accomplished, molds are built for each component in a machining center and injected using granulated ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer. The positions of the movable components are configured through a bolt-hole assembly mechanism to the central component, which is a flat perforated plantar base. The novelty in the design here presented is elated to supports that constitute the orthosis, which are interchangeable and adjustable to the pathological and morphological needs of each patient.

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Main types of insoles described in the literature and their applicability for musculoskeletal disorders of the lower limbs: A systematic review of clinical studies

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

A Three-Dimensional Printed Foot Orthosis for Flexible Flatfoot: An Exploratory Biomechanical Study on Arch Support Reinforcement and Undercut

A Three-Dimensional Printed Foot Orthosis for Flexible Flatfoot: An Exploratory Biomechanical Study on Arch Support Reinforcement and Undercut

Custom-Made Foot Orthotics for People With Lower Limb Conditions

Design of a Modular Plantar Orthosis System through the Application of TRIZ Methodology Tools

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