Main Trends of Regional Agriculture Growth: From Volume to Sustainability

The agro-industrial complex of Russia is designed to ensure the country’s food security and significantly influences the social and economic development of society. In recent years, the state’s economic policy has been aimed at intensifying the export of agricultural products, which requires serious investments and introduction of innovative technologies, including digitalization, to increase the competitiveness and quality of manufactured goods. During 2018-2023, the volume of exports of agricultural products of the Russian Federation increased by more than 2/3, which to a certain extent was a consequence of the stimulation of commodity producers as a result of the implementation of the federal project “Export of agricultural products.” The structure of exports of Russian agro-industrial complex products is dominated by grains, oil and fat products, fish and seafood, and products of the food and processing industry. The five main importing countries (China, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Belarus and Egypt) accounted for almost half of all Russian agricultural exports in 2023, with China’s share increasing from 12.3 to 17.5% in the last two years alone. During 2020-2022 in Russia, the rate of increase in the volume of exports of agricultural products is higher, as a result of which the share of domestic products in the global total has increased slightly, but is only slightly more than 2%. Russia’s lag behind leading countries in terms of digitalization in agriculture is explained by such factors as: natural and climatic conditions, rising costs of means of production, decreased investment and slower implementation of innovative technologies, and disruption of supply chains. In order to increase and realize the export potential of the Russian agro-industrial complex, it is necessary to improve government support measures, stimulate import substitution and support manufacturers who effectively use production resources, primarily land and digital technologies.

Realization of the Export Potential of the Agricultural Industrial Complex of Russia in the Conditions of Digital Economy Development

Minakov,

Safiullin,

Amirova

2024

Farming in the Republic of Tatarstan: Its Role in the Agricultural Business System and Development Trend

Mikhaylova,

Mukhametgaliev,

Valiev

2024

The role and importance of peasant (farm) farms in the country’s agro-industrial complex is determined by the fact that they make a significant contribution to solving issues of ensuring food security, creating new jobs, increasing tax revenues to the federal and regional budgets, etc. In the Republic of Tatarstan, their share in 2022 accounts for more than 11% of all agricultural production in the region, with an average annual number of employees of more than 3.4 thousand people. The index of agricultural production in peasant (farm) farms in 2022 compared to the previous one was 150.7%, which is higher than both in agricultural organizations (143.2%) and in households (105.7%), which, as a result, contributed to an increase in the volume of output of the region’s industry in value by 29.3%. Despite the abnormal weather conditions in 2021, peasant farms have strengthened their position in the production of grain, sunflower seeds and milk. Further increase in agricultural production volumes is not possible without greater intensification of production processes, taking advantage of the digitalization of production to ensure an increase in crop yields and animal productivity. However, small forms of farming in rural areas during the transition to innovative technologies face certain difficulties and limitations: lack of financial resources due to small volumes of product sales; shortage of qualified labor as a result of labor migration to large cities, etc. Therefore, the introduction and application of elements of digital agriculture in farms is slower than in large agricultural formations, which creates uneven conditions for their development. More efficient functioning and development of farming in the region is possible only through the use of new approaches and management methods, the most important among which is the integration and cooperation of small and medium-sized businesses among themselves and with other elements of agribusiness.

Transformation of the State and Municipal Procurement Sector in Russia Under the New Economic Reality

Safiullin,

Gubaydullina,

Sharapov

2024

The current situation in the Russian economy is due to the serious impact of sanctions on economic processes. The destabilization of economic processes caused by geopolitical and monetary changes seriously affected both the well-being of the population, business entities, and also at the meso- and macro-levels. Having great significance for many aspects of social and economic life, sanctions significantly affected the features of contract logistics and procurement activities in Russia. In particular, there has been an urgent need to correct many regulations governing procurement processes in accordance with the challenge of the new reality. The adjustment of regulations for procurement and acceptance of work is primarily due to the objective risks of non-fulfillment of contract terms by business entities, both due to disruption of supply chains, difficulties in business processes and due to a violation of the financial stability of counterparties [1]. The study of the parameters of procurement processes within the framework of the new economic reality is limited to quantitative data, which creates difficulties in modeling the situation and in searching for forecasts. Sanctions, affecting the sustainability of the development of economic systems, are of great relevance for research by academic economists. To search for trends in the development and transformation of procurement activities in conditions of uncertainty and crisis, we propose to turn to the quantitative parameters of changes in 2014, paying attention to how statistics in public procurement changed under the conditions of the first sanctions. The scientific novelty of the study is the proposal of a methodology for forecasting the development of procurement activities in conditions of economic instability of the sanctions economy and turbulence: based on extrapolation of trends in changes in procurement activities as a result of the 2014 crisis to the 2022 crisis; through the study of import substitution in procurement using the analysis of the import substitution index. The applied significance of the work lies in the potential for further use of recommendations by state and regional authorities to optimize work with procurement and predict changes. Optimizing procurement can improve the efficiency of spending budget funds.