Main Air Pollutants and Myocardial Infarction

Mustafić, Hazrije; Jabre, P.; Caussin, Christophe; Murad, M. Hassan; Escolano, Sylvie; Tafflet, Muriel; Perier, Marie Cécile; Marijon, Éloi; Vernerey, Déwi; Empana, Jean Philippe; Jouven, Xavier

doi:10.1001/jama.2012.126

Cited by 647 publications

(275 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…*Published emission factors but not reported in text. **Emission factors reported explicitly in text ᴬ Age groups according to health outcomes; ᴯ Such as ≥18 years or ≥30 years; C Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program using the concentration response function from chronic bronchitis [63], acute bronchitis [64], all-cause mortality [65,104], COPD hospitalization (Moolgavgkar 2000a, 2003) [66], asthma emergency room visits [67], work loss days [68], asthma (symptoms) [69], minor-restricted activity days [70], acute MI [71], respiratory disease [72], lower respiratory symptoms [73], and cough among asthmatic children [74]; D Probable, but not specified explicitly in the text; ᴱ Health And Air Pollution Study in New Zealand to estimate the morbidity and mortality health costs associated with traffic emissions [82]; F CVD admission >64 years: [75]; ᴳ Mortality: <75 and >75 years, respiratory disease (65 years) [76], and lung cancer [104] Morbidity: CVD, respiratory disease [76], and lung cancer [104]; H Method of transport emission estimation is quite vague in determination of emission factors; I External cost of energy to estimate the automotive pollution impact on health in Europe [81]; J Cerebrovascular disease and lower respiratory tract infection [77], preterm weight [78], low term weight [79], and CVD (Mustafic 2012) [80]; K Value of a Life Year: calculation of monetary benefits of mortality reduction using a life tables approach. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

PM2.5: Particulate matter less than 2.5 µm; PM10: particulate matter less than 10 µm; BS: black soot; CP: cardiopulmonary; RM: respiratory mortality. ᴬ Age groups according to health outcomes; ᴯ Such as ≥18 years or ≥30 years; C Probable, but not specified explicitly in the text; D External cost of energy to estimate the automotive pollution impact on health in Europe [81]; E Calculation based on the actual number of participants who changed mode from car to bicycle; F Estimated for hypothetical individuals who changed transport mode from car to bicycle; G Cerebrovascular disease and lower respiratory tract infection [77], preterm weight [78], low term weight [79], and CVD (Mustafic 2012) [80]; H Value of a Life Year: calculation of monetary benefits of mortality reduction using a life tables approach.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air pollution as a risk factor in health impact assessments of a travel mode shift towards cycling

Raza

Forsberg

Johansson

et al. 2018

Global Health Action

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Background: Promotion of active commuting provides substantial health and environmental benefits by influencing air pollution, physical activity, accidents, and noise. However, studies evaluating intervention and policies on a mode shift from motorized transport to cycling have estimated health impacts with varying validity and precision. Objective: To review and discuss the estimation of air pollution exposure and its impacts in health impact assessment studies of a shift in transport from cars to bicycles in order to guide future assessments. Methods: A systematic database search of PubMed was done primarily for articles published from January 2000 to May 2016 according to PRISMA guidelines. Results: We identified 18 studies of health impact assessment of change in transport mode. Most studies investigated future hypothetical scenarios of increased cycling. The impact on the general population was estimated using a comparative risk assessment approach in the majority of these studies, whereas some used previously published cost estimates. Air pollution exposure during cycling was estimated based on the ventilation rate, the pollutant concentration, and the trip duration. Most studies employed exposure-response functions from studies comparing background levels of fine particles between cities to estimate the health impacts of local traffic emissions. The effect of air pollution associated with increased cycling contributed small health benefits for the general population, and also only slightly increased risks associated with fine particle exposure among those who shifted to cycling. However, studies calculating health impacts based on exposure-response functions for ozone, black carbon or nitrogen oxides found larger effects attributed to changes in air pollution exposure. Conclusion: A large discrepancy between studies was observed due to different health impact assessment approaches, different assumptions for calculation of inhaled dose and different selection of dose-response functions. This kind of assessments would improve from more holistic approaches using more specific exposure-response functions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution as a risk factor in health impact assessments of a travel mode shift towards cycling

Raza

Forsberg

Johansson

et al. 2018

Global Health Action

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Odds ratios using both the standard linear and threshold models were estimated for all ACS, STEMI, NSTEMI, UA, and NSTE‐ACS events for all patients and for patients with and without CAD. For comparison purposes, and consistent with reporting from various studies and reviews of the literature,1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 14, 15, 16 odds ratios associated with 10‐μg/m 3 incremental increases in PM 2.5 concentration are presented.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…There is also evidence that short‐term exposure (hours to a few days) to PM 2.5 may help trigger acute coronary syndrome (ACS) events including myocardial infarction (MI) and unstable angina (UA) events,13, 14 especially in persons with preexisting coronary artery disease (CAD) 15, 16, 17. Furthermore, a recent study reported evidence that short‐term elevations in PM 2.5 exposure trigger ST‐segment elevation MI (STEMI) but not non‐STEMI (NSTEMI) 18…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short‐Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution Is Preferentially Associated With the Risk of ST‐Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Events

Pope

Muhlestein

Anderson

et al. 2015

JAHA

111

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BackgroundAir pollution is associated with greater cardiovascular event risk, but the types of events and specific persons at risk remain unknown. This analysis evaluates effects of short‐term exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution with risk of acute coronary syndrome events, including ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction, non–ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and non–ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndrome.Methods and ResultsAcute coronary syndrome events treated at Intermountain Healthcare hospitals in urban areas of Utah's Wasatch Front were collected between September 1993 and May 2014 (N=16 314). A time‐stratified case‐crossover design was performed matching fine particulate matter air pollution exposure at the time of each event with referent periods when the event did not occur. Patients served as their own controls, and odds ratios were estimated using nonthreshold and threshold conditional logistic regression models. In patients with angiographic coronary artery disease, odds ratios for a 10‐μg/m3 increase in concurrent‐day fine particulate matter air pollution >25 μg/m³ were 1.06 (95% CI 1.02–1.11) for all acute coronary syndrome, 1.15 (95% CI 1.03–1.29) for ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction, 1.02 (95% CI 0.97–1.08) for non–ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction, 1.09 (95% CI 1.02–1.17) for unstable angina, and 1.05 (95% CI 1.00–1.10) for non–ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndrome events. Excess risk from fine particulate matter air pollution exposure was not observed in patients without angiographic coronary artery disease.ConclusionsElevated fine particulate matter air pollution exposures contribute to triggering acute coronary events, especially ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction, in those with existing seriously diseased coronary arteries but not in those with nondiseased coronary arteries.

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“…Exposure to outdoor air pollution is an established risk factor for CVD morbidity and mortality, including MI 12, 13, 14. Inflammation and oxidative stress are suggested as principal underlying mechanisms for the detrimental effects of air pollution on the cardiovascular system 15, 16…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Leisure‐Time and Transport‐Related Physical Activities on the Risk of Incident and Recurrent Myocardial Infarction and Interaction With Traffic‐Related Air Pollution: A Cohort Study

Kubesch

Jørgensen

Hoffmann

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundPhysical activity enhances the uptake of air pollutants, possibly reducing its beneficial effects. We examined the effects of leisure‐time and transport‐related physical activities on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), and whether potential benefits on MI are reduced by exposure to traffic‐related air pollution.Methods and ResultsA group of 57 053 participants (50–65 years of age) from the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort reported physical activity at baseline (1993–1997) and were linked to registry data on hospital contacts and out‐of‐hospital deaths caused by MI, until December 2015. Nitrogen dioxide levels were estimated at participants’ baseline residences. We used Cox regressions to associate participation in sports, cycling, walking, and gardening with incident and recurrent MI, and tested for interaction by nitrogen dioxide. Of 50 635 participants without MI at baseline, 2936 developed incident MI, and of 1233 participants with MI before baseline, 324 had recurring MI during follow‐up. Mean nitrogen dioxide concentration was 18.7 μg/m3 at baseline (1993–1997). We found inverse statistically significant associations between participation in sports (hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval: 0.85; 0.79–0.92), cycling (0.91; 0.84–0.98), gardening (0.87; 0.80–0.95), and incident MI, while the association with walking was statistically nonsignificant (0.95; 0.83–1.08). Recurrent MI was statistically nonsignificantly inversely associated with cycling (0.80; 0.63–1.02), walking (0.82, 0.57–1.16), and gardening (0.91; 0.71–1.18), and positively with sports (1.06; 0.83–1.35). There was no effect modification of the associations between physical activity and MI by nitrogen dioxide.ConclusionsBenefits of physical activity on both the incidence and the recurrence of MI are not reduced by exposure to high levels of air pollution.

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Main Air Pollutants and Myocardial Infarction

Abstract: All the main air pollutants, with the exception of ozone, were significantly associated with a near-term increase in MI risk.

Cited by 647 publications

References 58 publications

Air pollution as a risk factor in health impact assessments of a travel mode shift towards cycling

Air pollution as a risk factor in health impact assessments of a travel mode shift towards cycling

Short‐Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution Is Preferentially Associated With the Risk of ST‐Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Events

Effects of Leisure‐Time and Transport‐Related Physical Activities on the Risk of Incident and Recurrent Myocardial Infarction and Interaction With Traffic‐Related Air Pollution: A Cohort Study

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