Magnitude of diabetes and hypertension among patients with Dry Eye Syndrome at a tertiary hospital of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia – A case series

Houssien, Abdullah Omar Al; Houssien, Rana Omar Al; Al-Hawass, Abdulaziz

doi:10.1016/j.sjopt.2017.02.001

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…[311] Age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, glaucoma, and topical medication are known risks factors for DED. [121314] However, studies in the past have not shown conclusive association and special relationship of these factors to DED. [1315]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and determinants of dry eye disease among 40 years and older population of Riyadh (Except Capital), Saudi Arabia

Yasir

Chauhan

Khandekar

et al. 2019

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol

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PURPOSE: The prevalence and determinants of dry eye disease (DED) among 40 years and older population of Riyadh (except capital), Saudi Arabia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A population-based survey was conducted in Riyadh district between 2013 and 2017. All Saudi aged >40 years attended at the Primary Health Center were the study population. McCarty Symptom Questionnaire was adopted. A representative sample was examined. The best-corrected visual acuity and anterior and posterior segment assessment were performed. DED was graded as absent, mild, moderate, and severe. RESULTS: We examined 890 participants. The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of DED was 45.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 44.8–45.4). One-third of the participants had DED. However, two-third of DED cases were of mild grade. The prevalence of DED among females was significantly higher. The variation of DED by age group was not statistically significant (χ 2 = 2.6, Degree of freedom = 3, and P = 0.1). Presence of glaucoma was significantly associated to DED (odds ratio [OR] = 2.6, [95% CI = 1.2–5.6], and P = 0.01). Use of topical glaucoma medication was significantly associated to DED (OR = 4.6 [95% CI = 1.8–11.8], and P = 0.001). However, severity of DED was not found to be associated with glaucoma medication (χ 2 = 2.6, P = 0.1). Associations of diabetes and hypertension to DED were not statistically significant (OR = 0.97 [95% CI = 0.73–1.3], and P = 0.84) (OR = 1.1 [95% CI = 0.8–1.4], and P = 0.6). The severe visual impairment was not associated to the grade of DED ( P = 0.55). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of DED among Saudi is high, but severe DED is found to be less. Association with female gender, glaucoma, and topical glaucoma medications was reported. Association with diabetes, hypertension, and age group variation was not significant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[121314] However, studies in the past have not shown conclusive association and special relationship of these factors to DED. [1315]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of dry eye disease among 40 years and older population of Riyadh (Except Capital), Saudi Arabia

Yasir

Chauhan

Khandekar

et al. 2019

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Globally, DED is more prevalent among females [ 2 , 6 ], with a similar finding in Saudi Arabia [ 3 ]. Other than female gender predominance, risk factors include old age [ 7 ], blepharitis [ 5 ], smoking [ 5 ] and having a chronic disease such as diabetes mellitus, arthritis and hypercholesterolemia [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Dry Eye Disease With Depression in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Al-Dairi¹,

Sowayigh²,

Alkulaib³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…11 Additionally, DM is also a major cause of ocular complications including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic papillopathy, glaucoma, cataract, and ocular surface diseases such as diabetic keratopathy and dry eye syndrome. 12,13 Dry eye syndrome, also known as Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is one of the most common ocular disorders throughout the world. 14 It is a complex disease of the anterior surface of the eye and results in tear film deficiency, significantly hindering the performance of daily life and may lead to blindness in severe cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Dry Eye Syndrome in Patients With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetesa Comparative Study

Das¹,

Sasmal²,

Rana³

2017

jebmh

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BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of various ocular complications including Keratoconjunctivitis sicca resulting in tear film deficiency, significantly hindering the performance of daily life and may lead to blindness in severe cases. The objective of our study was to understand the association between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and development of dry eye syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS A pair of eyes of 40 patients with Type 1 DM and 60 patients with Type 2 DM was tested for dry eye syndrome using standard scores from Schirmer test 1, 2, tear film break-up time and Rose Bengal staining. Results were statistically analysed to understand significant association. RESULTS Patients with both types of DM belonged to middle or older age groups. Dry eye syndrome was present in nearly half of the patients, as assessed by different techniques. Dry eye syndrome was significantly increased with progressing age and duration of DM of both types in patients. There was, however, no significant difference in prevalence of dry eyes between patients with Type 1 and Type 2 DM. CONCLUSION Dry eye syndrome is an important comorbidity of DM and progresses with age and duration of the disease, and needs early detection and therapeutic management.

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Magnitude of diabetes and hypertension among patients with Dry Eye Syndrome at a tertiary hospital of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia – A case series

Abstract: This series in central Saudi Arabia suggests that the magnitude of chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity and dyslipidemia seems to be higher in patients with DES compared to the population.

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence and determinants of dry eye disease among 40 years and older population of Riyadh (Except Capital), Saudi Arabia

Prevalence and determinants of dry eye disease among 40 years and older population of Riyadh (Except Capital), Saudi Arabia

The Relationship of Dry Eye Disease With Depression in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Prevalence of Dry Eye Syndrome in Patients With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetesa Comparative Study

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