The metal-insulator transition is mixed-valence manganites of the ͑La 0.7 Ca 0.3 ͒MnO 3 type is ascribed to a modification of the spin-dependent potential J H s-S associated with the onset of magnetic order at T C . Here J H is the on-site Hund's-rule exchange coupling of an e g electron with sϭ1/2 to the t 2g ion core with S ϭ3/2. Above T C , the e g electrons are localized by the random spin-dependent potential and conduction is by variable-range hopping. Over the whole temperature range, the resistivity varies as ln( / ϱ ) ϭ͓T 0 ͕1Ϫ(M /M S ) 2 ͖/T͔ 1/4 , where M /M S is the reduced magnetization. The temperature and field dependence of the resistivity deduced from the molecular-field theory of the magnetization reproduces the experimental data over a wide range of temperature and field. ͓S0163-1829͑97͒04513-X͔ Interest in mixed-valence manganites of the ͑La 0.7 Ca 0.3 ͒MnO 3 type has revived 1 with the observations of large negative magnetoresistive effects, 2,3 especially in suitably annealed thin films. 4 The magnetoresistance is greatest in the vicinity of the Curie point T C of ferromagnetic compositions which exhibit ''metallic'' ͑temperature-independent͒ conduction at low temperatures and thermally activated conduction above T C . These compositions have a structure which is a variant of the cubic perovskite cell where the Mn-O bond lengths are unequal and Mn-O-Mn bond angles differ from 180°. 5 Their electronic properties are related to electron hopping among the Mn ions in octahedral sites; metallic conductivity and ferromagnetism are closely related and are generally interpreted in terms of the doubleexchange mechanism. 6 A spin-polarized * conduction band of mainly 3d(e g ↑) character 7 is supposed to be responsible for the ''metallic'' character of the current transport below T C . 8 The Mn 3ϩ ion has one e g electron, whereas the Mn 3ϩ ion has none. When the concentration of the divalent A-site cation ͑Ca, for example͒ is 0.3, the occupancy of the * band is 0.7, which corresponds to the strongest ferromagnetism and the greatest magnetoresistance. Electron transfer with spin memory is an essential ingredient for an understanding of the transport properties of mixed-valence manganites, but something more is needed to account for the metal-insulator transition near the Curie point. 9 The change of conduction regime below T C appears to be brought about by the onset of ferromagnetism. As temperature decreases, the magnetization increases and the resistivity drops. Resistivity has been reported to vary like ͓1Ϫ(M /M S ) 2 ͔, as in conventional giant magnetoresistance ͑GMR͒ systems, 10 but others find an exponential dependence 11 ln( )ϳϪM/M S . Here we propose the concept of magnetic localization to relate the resistivity at any temperature or applied field to the local magnetization, evaluated in the molecular field approximation. The model involves variable range hopping and goes beyond the purely phenomenological parallel conduction model of Nunez-Reiguero and Kadin. 12 We previously observed an impr...