Magnetotactic Characterization and Environmental Application P. aeruginosa kb1 Isolate

Ladakh's Rock Varnish: A potential Geomaterial for astrobiological studies

“…S3, S4) demonstrates the presence of sulphur, along with manganese and silica, indicating that the elemental chemistry analysis of these biotic entities reveals the composition of Si-Mn-S inclusions along with Fe, which goes in accordance with recent findings (Li et al, 2022). As a result, it is reasonable to assume that the generated magnetosomes like particles are made up of surface modified Fe-oxide globules, rather than the pure Fe3O4 (magnetite) family as previously described (Kabary et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2010). Finally, putative magnetosomes like species discovered in the varnish layer may be a new type of biotic analogue of genetically synthesised magnetic nanoparticles composed of SiO2/Fe3O4 via magnetosomes (Borg et al, 2015), as the varnish layer contains all of the precursors in the form of Fe and Si required to synthesise these bio-nano magnetic particles.…”

“…These bacterial aggregates, which can function as natural machines to synthesise minerals via a biologically controlled mineralization (BCM) process, may have provided structural support and hardness to the varnish layer that we see today (Lowenstam and Weiner, 1989). In order to further validate the existence of MMA-type organisms, chain-like magnetosomes were discovered on the layer (Akbari-Karadeh et al, 2020;Kabary et al, 2017) (Fig. 4 c, d; Fig.…”