Magnetostrictive–piezoelectric composite structures for energy harvesting

Abstract

In this paper, harvesters coupling magnetostrictive and piezoelectric materials are investigated. The energy conversion of quasi-static magnetic field variations into electricity is detailed. Experimental results are exposed for two macroscopic demonstrators based on the rotation of a permanent magnet. These composite/hybrid devices use both piezoelectric and magnetostrictive (amorphous FeSiB ribbon or bulk Terfenol-D) materials. A quasi-static (or ultra-low frequency) harvester is constructed with exploitable output voltage, even in quasi-static mode. Integrated micro-harvesters using sub-micron multilayers of active materials on Si have been built and are currently being characterized.

Dynamic Magnetostriction of CoFe2O4 and Its Role in Magnetoelectric Composites

“…One can also notice the very linear aspect of the curve between 0 and 75 kA=m, which is a predominant parameter to produce a precise dc current sensor using the ME effect [85,88]. This linearity could also be exploited for energy-harvesting purpose with an extremely low-frequency and high-ac field [89].…”

Energy harvesting technologies for wireless sensors in rotating environments

“…Lafont et al [6] show how magnetostriction and piezoelectricity can be combined to harvest energy from slow continuous motion. Others are focusing on higher rotation frequencies, e.g.…”

“…Piezoelectric-and magnetostriction harvesters rely on induced strain that can generate electrical charges or change a in permeability respectively. The strain in the material can be induced by mechanically stress the material or as Lafont et al [6] showed by laminating magnetostrictive and piezoelectric materials, which can induce strain by introducing a varying magnetic field.…”

“…Hence this technology can be used for slow time-varying magnetic fields as Lafont et al reports [6]. However using this technology within the constrains in Table II and with the high magnetic field that is necessary for the magnetostrictive material to induce strain on the piezoelectric material, a lot of eddy current would be generated thus making the energy conversion inefficient.…”

Fabrication Methods for High-Performance Miniature Disks of Terfenol-D for Energy Harvesting

“…Today Terfenol-D is experiencing a renewal with high performance multiferroïc composite materials combining high magnetostriction and piezoelectric constants. Composites of Terfenol-D and PZT can produce exploitable amounts of electrical energy to supply low-power electronics [1,2]. Terfenol-D manufacturing techniques must meet new criteria, i.e., miniaturization and low cost, while maintaining high strain performance.…”