Magnetomotive drive and detection of clamped-clamped mechanical resonators in water

Venstra, Warner J.; Westra, H.J.R.; Gavan, Khashayar Babaei; Zant, Herre S. J. van der

doi:10.1063/1.3275014

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…At room temperature a strong magnetic field can be achieved with rare earth magnets. When arranging them in a Halbach array magnetic field strengths of up to 2 T can be achieved [9]. At cryogenic temperatures, magnetic fields of up to 7-8 T can be achieved with superconducting coils [8,10].…”

Section: Lorentz Force On a Straight Wirementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Transduction

Schmid¹,

Villanueva²,

Roukes³

2016

Fundamentals of Nanomechanical Resonators

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The efficient transduction of nanomechanical resonators is quintessential for any practical application. In the context of this book, transduction refers to the translation of mechanical motion to an electrical signal and vice versa for detection and actuation, respectively. In this chapter the most common underlying physical transducing mechanisms are quickly introduced. Most of these mechanisms are of an electrical nature, such as electrodynamic, electrostatic, thermoelastic, piezoresistive, or piezoelectric transduction. Nanomechanical resonators transduced with one of these techniques are therefore known as nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). But it is also common practice to transduce nanomechanical resonators by optic means. The full optic transduction and control of nanomechanical resonators is, e.g., employed in the field of cavity optomechanics.

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Section: Lorentz Force On a Straight Wirementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detection of this EMF is straightforward and it can directly be picked up, e.g., with a network analyzer [8,9], as schematically depicted in Fig. 4.4.…”

Section: Electrodynamically Induced Voltage (Electromotive Force)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transduction

Schmid¹,

Villanueva²,

Roukes³

2016

Fundamentals of Nanomechanical Resonators

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“…Various transduction methods have been used over the years, e.g. piezoresistive [13], piezoelectric [14], magnetomotive [15], electrostatic [16], and optical [17]. Typically, the goal is to perform this transduction with as high resolution as possible to be able to detect the displacements with as large as possible signal-to-noise ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Position and mode dependent optical detection back-action in cantilever beam resonators

Larsen¹,

Schmid²,

Dohn³

et al. 2017

J. Micromech. Microeng.

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Optical detection back-action in cantilever resonant or static detection presents a challenge when striving for state-ofthe-art performance. The origin and possible routes for minimizing optical back-action have received little attention in literature. Here, we investigate the position and mode dependent optical back-action on cantilever beam resonators. A high power heating laser (100 µW) is scanned across a silicon nitride cantilever while its effect on the first three resonance modes is detected via a low-power readout laser (1 µW) positioned at the cantilever tip. We find that the measured effect of back-action is not only dependent on position but also the shape of the resonance mode. Relevant silicon nitride material parameters are extracted by fitting the temperature-dependent frequency response of the first three modes to finite element (FE) simulations. In a second round of simulations, using the extracted parameters, we successfully fit the FEM results with the measured mode and position dependent back-action. Finally, different routes for minimizing the effect of this optical detection back-action are described, allowing further improvements of cantilever-based sensing in general.

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“…Efforts towards this direction include the development of transduction schemes that can efficiently actuate and readout the motion of the resonator in the highly dissipative liquid environment. Transduction methods such as thermo-optical excitation [15,16], magnetomotive drive and detection [17], and piezoelectric actuation [18]) have been demonstrated. On the other hand, a recent demonstration suggests that the use of higher modes of a cantilever could be a promising candidate for operation in liquid as they generally have higher quality factors and a smaller massloading effect from the water [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-Optomechanical Resonators in Microfluidics

Fong

Tang

2015

Nano Lett.

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Operation of nanomechanical devices in water environment has been challenging due to the strong viscous damping that greatly impedes the mechanical motion. Here we demonstrate an optomechanical micro-wheel resonator integrated in microfluidic system that supports low-loss optical resonances at near-visible wavelength with quality factor up to 1.5 million. The device can be operated in self-oscillation mode in air with low threshold power of 45 uW. The very high optical Q allows the observation of the thermal Brownian motion of the mechanical mode in both air and water environment with high signal-to-background ratio. A numerical model is developed to calculate the hydrodynamic effect on the device due to the surrounding water, which agrees well with the experimental results. With its very high resonance frequency (170 MHz) and small loaded mass (75 pg), the present device is estimated to have mass sensitivity of attogram level in liquid environment with bandwidth of 1 Hz.

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Magnetomotive drive and detection of clamped-clamped mechanical resonators in water

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Transduction

Transduction

Position and mode dependent optical detection back-action in cantilever beam resonators

Nano-Optomechanical Resonators in Microfluidics

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