Magnetoencephalographic Patterns of Epileptiform Activity in Children With Regressive Autism Spectrum Disorders

Lewine, Jeffrey D.; Andrews, Richard; Chez, Michael G.; Patil, Arun-Angelo; Devinsky, Orrin; Smith, Michael C.; Kanner, Andrés M.; Davis, J. Terrance; Funke, Michael; Jones, Greg; Chong, Brian W.; Provencal, Sherri L.; Weisend, Michael P.; Lee, Roland R.; Orrison, William W.; Jr, MD

doi:10.1542/peds.104.3.405

Cited by 229 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…62,63 Magnetoelectroencephalography in children with ASD and regression (and suspected of having seizures) revealed epileptiform activity in 82% of investigated children. 64 The high incidence of seizures and epileptiform activities in children with ASD is particularly interesting owing to findings about the role of amygdala in autism, since it is a highly epileptogenic region.…”

Section: Neurochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a postoperative study, there was improved seizure control but no improvement in autistic symptoms. 136 On the other hand, Lewine et al 137 described improvement in behavior and language in 12 out of 18 children with ASD, speech regression, abnormal multifocal epileptiform activities and possible subclinical seizures (blank stare, repetitive blinking, etc), but with no clinical history of seizures after multiple subpial transections. The results of this study are controversial and show the necessity of controlled studies in order to avoid inappropriate and irreversible interventions.…”

Section: Pharmacotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autismo e doenças invasivas de desenvolvimento

Gadia¹,

Tuchman²,

Rotta³

2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

119

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Objective: To review the current knowledge on neurobiological aspects of autism and pervasive developmental disorders, as well as to provide pediatricians with up to date information on diagnosis and treatment of autism. Sources of data: Review of MEDLINE and Internet.Summary of the findings: Autism is the 3rd developmental disorder, with an incidence of 40 to 130/100,000 individuals. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings, following DSM IV criteria. Neuroimaging, investigation of fetal neurological status, and genetic investigation contribute towards a better understanding of the neurobiology of autism. Conclusion:Pediatricians are the first health professional to come in contact with patients with autism. Thus, they should be able to diagnose and to coordinate the multidisciplinary treatment of these patients.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2004;80(2 Suppl):S83-S94: Autism, child behavior, child development.

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Section: Neurochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pharmacotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Autismo e doenças invasivas de desenvolvimento

Gadia¹,

Tuchman²,

Rotta³

2004

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

119

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“…2 In one study, 82% of children with regressive autism exhibited epileptiform activity. 3 The population incidence of autism is approximately 0.1%. 4 Autism appears to have a strong genetic component, with an estimated heritability above 90%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium channels SCN1A, SCN2A and SCN3A in familial autism

et al. 2003

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Autism is a psychiatric disorder with estimated heritability of 90%. One-third of autistic individuals experience seizures. A susceptibility locus for autism was mapped near a cluster of voltage-gated sodium channel genes on chromosome 2. Mutations in two of these genes, SCN1A and SCN2A, result in the seizure disorder GEFS þ . To evaluate these sodium channel genes as candidates for the autism susceptibility locus, we screened for variation in coding exons and splice sites in 117 multiplex autism families. A total of 27 kb of coding sequence and 3 kb of intron sequence were screened. Only six families carried variants with potential effects on sodium channel function. Five coding variants and one lariat branchpoint mutation were each observed in a single family, but were not present in controls. The variant R1902C in SCN2A is located in the calmodulin binding site and was found to reduce binding affinity for calcium-bound calmodulin. R542Q in SCN1A was observed in one autism family and had previously been identified in a patient with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. The effect of the lariat branchpoint mutation was tested in cultured lymphoblasts. Additional population studies and functional tests will be required to evaluate pathogenicity of the coding and lariat site variants. SNP density was 1/kb in the genomic sequence screened. We report 38 sodium channel SNPs that will be useful in future association and linkage studies.

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“…Also, because autistic children may have abnormal sleep-activated EEG spikes that resemble the location and other similarities with the more active EEG in LKS, the rationale that similar brain anatomical sites may respond to steroids makes intuitive sense. 71 Experience with EEG abnormalities and autistic regression cases that respond to steroids have been described in various case reports. 62,[71][72][73][74] Treatment was usually prescribed with daily prednisone doses of 2 mg/ kg/day for 3 to 6 months.…”

Section: Corticosteroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…71 Experience with EEG abnormalities and autistic regression cases that respond to steroids have been described in various case reports. 62,[71][72][73][74] Treatment was usually prescribed with daily prednisone doses of 2 mg/ kg/day for 3 to 6 months. Limitations to therapy were usually Cushingoid side effects.…”

Section: Corticosteroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Therapy in Autism: Historical Experience and Future Directions with Immunomodulatory Therapy

Chez

Guido-Estrada

2010

Neurotherapeutics

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Summary: Autism affects 1 in 110 new births, and it has no single etiology with uniform agreement. This has a significant impact on the quality of life for individuals who have been diagnosed with autism. Although autism has a spectrum quality with a shared diagnosis, it presents a uniquely different clinical appearance in each individual. Recent research of suspected immunological factors have provided more support for a probable immunological process or for processes that may play a role in the acquisition of an autistic condition. These factors include prenatal, genetic, and postnatal findings, as well as the discovery of a dysfunctional chronic pro-inflammatory state in brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid in subsets of autistic patients. These findings offer new theories that may lead to the development of disease modification or preventative therapeutic options in the near future. This article reviews prenatal, genetic, and observed immune aspects of the autism condition that may be risk factors in the presentation of the autistic clinical phenotype. Historical immune interventions in autism are reviewed and potential new therapies and interventions are discussed.

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Magnetoencephalographic Patterns of Epileptiform Activity in Children With Regressive Autism Spectrum Disorders

Cited by 229 publications

References 33 publications

Autismo e doenças invasivas de desenvolvimento

Autismo e doenças invasivas de desenvolvimento

Sodium channels SCN1A, SCN2A and SCN3A in familial autism

Immune Therapy in Autism: Historical Experience and Future Directions with Immunomodulatory Therapy

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