Magnetoelectric Confinement and Stabilization of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:math>Pinch in a Soft–x-Ray<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>Ar</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mn>8</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:math>Laser

Szasz, J.; Kiss, M.; Sánta, Imre; Szatmàri, S.; Kukhlevsky, S. V.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.110.183902

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The problem of severe wall ablation can be solved by applying the alumina capillary [12], because of the superior heat resistance of alumina. With the alumina capillaries and similar discharge schemes, other groups had developed soft x-ray laser [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Rocca's [2] and Ostashev's [16] groups had individually simulated the evolution of plasma conditions under the optimum discharge parameters with ∼3 mm inner diam alumina capillaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Inner Diameters of Capillary on the Z‐Pinch Plasma of the Capillary Discharge Soft x‐ray Laser

Jiang

Zhao

Cui

et al. 2015

Contrib. Plasma Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, the effects of inner diameters on the Z-pinch plasma of capillary discharge soft x-ray laser were investigated with the 3.2 mm and 4.0 mm inner diameter alumina capillaries. The intensities of the laser emitted from the 3.2 mm and 4.0 mm inner diameter alumina capillaries were measured under different initial pressures. To understand the underlying physics of the experimental measurements, the Z-pinch plasma simulations had been conducted with a one-dimensional cylindrical symmetry Lagrangian magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) code. The parametric studies of Z-pinch plasma, such as the electron temperature, the electron density and the Ne-like Ar ion density, were performed with the MHD code. With the experimental and the simulated results, the discussions had been conducted on the Z-pinch plasma of Ne-like Ar 46.9 nm laser with the 3.2 mm and 4.0 mm inner diameter alumina capillaries. The analysis had been made on the difference of the gain coefficients under the optimum pressures with both capillaries. Then, the effects of inner diameters on the optimum pressure and the pressure domain were analyzed.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Inner Diameters of Capillary on the Z‐Pinch Plasma of the Capillary Discharge Soft x‐ray Laser

Jiang

Zhao

Cui

et al. 2015

Contrib. Plasma Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other groups also had developed 46.9 nm laser pumped by capillary discharge [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Some groups studied the 46.9 nm laser with a low current, which is benefit to reduce the size and enhance the repetitive frequency of the laser.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A population inversion between 2p 5 3p 1 S 0 and 2p 5 3s 1 P 1 (J = 0-1) in the Ne-like Ar ions was produced by the electron collisional excitation, and the gain coefficient at 46.9 nm (A line) was measured as 0.6 cm −1 . A saturated Ne-like Ar soft X-ray laser at 46.9 nm pumped by capillary discharge has produced millijoule-level laser pulses at a repetition rate of 4 Hz [2] and has led to many applications such as the diagnostics of dense plasma [3], lithography [4], nanoimaging [5], nanomachining [6] and material ablation [7].Other groups also had developed 46.9 nm laser pumped by capillary discharge [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Some groups studied the 46.9 nm laser with a low current, which is benefit to reduce the size and enhance the repetitive frequency of the laser.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of a multi-wavelength Ne-like Ar laser excited by capillary discharge

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

other applications. In 1994, J. J. Rocca et al. reported the first demonstration of large soft X-ray amplification in the plasma of a capillary discharge [1]. A population inversion between 2p 5 3p 1 S 0 and 2p 5 3s 1 P 1 (J = 0-1) in the Ne-like Ar ions was produced by the electron collisional excitation, and the gain coefficient at 46.9 nm (A line) was measured as 0.6 cm −1 . A saturated Ne-like Ar soft X-ray laser at 46.9 nm pumped by capillary discharge has produced millijoule-level laser pulses at a repetition rate of 4 Hz [2] and has led to many applications such as the diagnostics of dense plasma [3], lithography [4], nanoimaging [5], nanomachining [6] and material ablation [7].Other groups also had developed 46.9 nm laser pumped by capillary discharge [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Some groups studied the 46.9 nm laser with a low current, which is benefit to reduce the size and enhance the repetitive frequency of the laser. G. Niimi et al. firstly reported the observation of 46.9 nm laser output at a low discharge current of 9 kA [8]. G. Tomassetti et al. reported that 46.9 nm laser was realized with low amplitude 17-20 kA current pulses at pulse repetition rate up to 0.1 Hz [9]. The saturated laser at 46.9 nm was achieved by C. A. Tan et al. using the main current as low as 16 kA [13]. However, the other Ne-like Ar lasers were not observed by these groups.Except for J = 0-1 transition at 46.9 nm, EUV lasers can also be expected on some other 3p-3s transitions of Ne-like Ar in principle. The populations and gain coefficients of the 3p-3s transitions in Ne-like Ar were investigated by D. E. Kim et al. in theory [17]. It was found that large gains on the 3p 1 S 0 -3s 1 P 1 (J = 0-1), 3p 3 P 2 -3s 1 P 1 (J = 2-1) and 3p 3 D 2 -3s 3 P 1 (J = 2-1) transitions were formed for the electron density between 10 18 and 10 19 cm −3 . Due to the observation of intense laser on 3p 1 S 0 -3s 1 P 1 (J = 0-1) transition at 46.9 nm (A line), the two other lasers on 3p 3 P 2 -3s 1 P 1 (J = 2-1) transition at 69.8 nm (C line) and 3pAbstract We report the characteristics of 46.9, 69.8 and 72.6 nm lasers of Ne-like Ar in a plasma column pumped by capillary discharge. A main current of 12 kA with rise time of 40 ns was used to generate the plasma in a 35-cmlong capillary. The temporal and spatial characteristics of 46.9 and 69.8 nm laser pulses were measured. The time of lasing onset for the two lasers is about 35 ns. The pulse widths are about 1.3 ns for 46.9 nm laser and 1.2 ns for 69.8 nm laser. The FWHM beam divergences of the 46.9 and 69.8 nm lasers are approximately 0.5 and 0.4 mrad, respectively. The initial pressure ranges for 46.9, 69.8 and 72.6 nm lasers correspond to 13-24, 12.5-20 and 14-20 Pa, respectively. A gain coefficient of 0.58 cm −1 was measured and gain saturation behavior was observed at 46.9 nm, conditioning the initial pressure of 19 Pa. At the same discharge current, a 69.8 nm laser with gain coefficient of 0.41 cm −1 and a 72.6 nm laser with gain coefficient of 0.22 cm −1 were achieved by changing...

show abstract

A Simplified MHD Model of Capillary Z‐Pinch Compared with Experiments

Shapolov

Kiss

Kukhlevsky

2016

Contrib. Plasma Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The most accurate models of the capillary Z-pinches used for excitation of soft X-ray lasers and photolithography XUV sources currently are based on the magnetohydrodynamics theory (MHD). The output of MHD-based models greatly depends on details in the mathematical description, such as initial and boundary conditions, approximations of plasma parameters, etc. Small experimental groups who develop soft X-ray/XUV sources often use the simplest Z-pinch models for analysis of their experimental results, despite of these models are inconsistent with the MHD equations. In the present study, keeping only the essential terms in the MHD equations, we obtained a simplified MHD model of cylindrically symmetric capillary Z-pinch. The model gives accurate results compared to experiments with argon plasmas, and provides simple analysis of temporal evolution of main plasma parameters. The results clarify the influence of viscosity, heat flux and approximations of plasma conductivity on the dynamics of capillary Z-pinch plasmas. The model can be useful for researchers, especially experimentalists, who develop the soft X-ray/XUV sources.

show abstract

Magnetoelectric Confinement and Stabilization ofZPinch in a Soft–x-RayAr+8Laser

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Influence of the Inner Diameters of Capillary on the Z‐Pinch Plasma of the Capillary Discharge Soft x‐ray Laser

Influence of the Inner Diameters of Capillary on the Z‐Pinch Plasma of the Capillary Discharge Soft x‐ray Laser

Characteristics of a multi-wavelength Ne-like Ar laser excited by capillary discharge

A Simplified MHD Model of Capillary Z‐Pinch Compared with Experiments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About