We study dynamics of incoherent exciton formation under interband photoexcitation in Cu 2 O using time-and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy at 90 K. Hot electrons injected by allowed optical transitions with 3.40-eV photons show ultrafast relaxation to the conduction-band minimum (CBM), surviving up to 500 fs after excitation. While hot-electron states with high excess energy show a rapid population decay of ~25 fs, an abrupt increase to 130 fs is observed for states with excess energies of 0.15 eV. This latter is interpreted in terms of phonon bottleneck dynamics characteristic of LO-phonon mediated energy relaxation. Excitons, having a small binding energy of 60 meV, are formed below the CBM quasi-instantaneously and subsequently relax to the 1S-exciton state of the yellow series within 1.5 ps. We find that, together with possible plasma screening for electron-hole interaction, the cooling of exciton center-of-mass motion plays an important role in the exciton relaxation dynamics. The characteristic features of exciton photoionization process are critically discussed based on the detailed analysis of angle-resolved photoemission results for the 1S excitons formed 1.5 ps after excitation.Using time-and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, transient changes of photoinjected hot-electron populations in energy and momentum spaces have been studied with fs-temporal resolution, providing a direct view on hot electron relaxation processes [10][11][12]. The method has been applied to several semiconductors, and ultrafast relaxation processes of hot carriers in bulk electronic states have been revealed directly [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Because of the renewed interest in Cu 2 O with respect to solar-cell applications and as a promising p-type transparent conductive oxide [24], understanding of the hot carrier dynamics in this material is of great importance as an indispensable basis to improve efficiencies in optoelectronic device applications. In addition to this, photoemission spectroscopy for excitonic states provides a unique capability to obtain a detailed insight into the wavefunctions of excitons [25][26][27].Recent experiments showing that the yellow-series excitons could be followed up to a high principal quantum number of n = 25 [28] boosted the renewed interest in excitons in Cu 2 O.Observations like this, together with the ongoing research related to excitonic Bose-Einstein condensation [29], sparked extensive theoretical and experimental investigations on excitons in Cu 2 O in order to gain a deeper insight into spectroscopic features beyond a simple hydrogen-like model [30][31][32][33][34]. In these studies, the precise knowledge of wavefunctions of excitons, or the IQP Bloch states of which the excitonic state is composed, is of great importance. However, the correlation between an excitonic state and the IQP Bloch states responsible for the excitonic state, which links directly the excitonic picture and IQP band structures, has so far not been obtained experimentally. T...