Magnetization textures in twisted bilayer 
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 (
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=Br, I)

Xiao, Feiping; Chen, Ke‐Qiu; Tong, Qingjun

doi:10.1103/physrevresearch.3.013027

Cited by 60 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In conclusion, we have realized moiré superlattices of 2D magnetic crystals and demonstrated a new noncollinear magnetic ground state in small-twist-angle bilayer CrI3, which can be further tuned by either twist angle or electrical gating. Our results support the formation of AF and FM domains from competing interlayer exchange interactions in moiré superlattices and are consistent with the predictions of a spin model for twisted bilayer magnetic materials [10][11][12][13][14] . High-resolution and high-sensitivity magnetic characterizations are warranted for imaging of the new magnetic states in future studies.…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

“…The emergence of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic crystals and moiré engineering of van der Waals materials has opened the door for devising new magnetic ground states via competing interactions in moiré superlattices [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . Although a suite of interesting phenomena, including multi-flavor magnetic states 10 , noncollinear magnetic states [10][11][12][13] , moiré magnon bands and magnon networks 14 , has been predicted in twisted bilayer magnetic crystals, nontrivial magnetic ground states have yet to be realized. Here, by utilizing the stacking-dependent interlayer exchange interactions in CrI3 (Ref.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moiré superlattices built on twisted bilayers of van der Waals materials have presented an exciting platform for studying correlated states of matter with unprecedented controllability [7][8][9] . In addition to graphene and transition metal dichalcogenide moiré materials 17 , recent theoretical studies have predicted the emergence of new magnetic ground states in twisted bilayers of 2D magnetic crystals [10][11][12][13][14] . These states are originated from the stacking-dependent interlayer exchange interactions in magnetic moiré superlattices.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In twisted bilayer CrI3, the triangular moiré superlattice has both M-and R-stacking regions (Fig. 1a), and the competing interlayer AF and FM interactions can induce nontrivial magnetic ground states [10][11][12][13][14] . In particular, noncollinear magnetic ground states consisting of AF and FM domains (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of a noncollinear magnetic state in twisted bilayer CrI3

Yang¹,

Ray²,

Shao³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The emergence of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic crystals and moiré engineering of van der Waals materials has opened the door for devising new magnetic ground states via competing interactions in moiré superlattices. Although a suite of interesting phenomena, including multi-flavor magnetic states, noncollinear magnetic states, moiré magnon bands and magnon networks, has been predicted in twisted bilayer magnetic crystals, nontrivial magnetic ground states have yet to be realized. Here, by utilizing the stacking-dependent interlayer exchange interactions in CrI3, we demonstrate in small-twist-angle CrI3 bilayers a noncollinear magnetic ground state. It consists of antiferromagnetic (AF) and ferromagnetic (FM) domains and is a result of the competing interlayer AF coupling in the monoclinic stacking regions of the moiré superlattice and the energy cost for forming AF-FM domain walls. Above a critical twist angle of ~ 3°, the noncollinear state transitions to a collinear FM ground state. We further show that the noncollinear magnetic state can be controlled by electrical gating through the doping-dependent interlayer AF interaction. Our results demonstrate the possibility of engineering new magnetic ground states in twisted bilayer magnetic crystals, as well as gate-voltage-controllable high-density magnetic memory storage.

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confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of a noncollinear magnetic state in twisted bilayer CrI3

Yang¹,

Ray²,

Shao³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Bloch-type skyrmions emerge in the heterostructure from the registry-dependent interlayer exchange and dipolar couplings. Several theoretical studies followed, exploring TSTs in mismatched and twisted magnetic bilayers [54][55][56][57][58] . Akram et al 56 and Hejazi et al 57 reported skyrmions in the chiral FM-AFM heterostructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whirling interlayer fields as a new source of stable topological order in moiré CrI3

Ghader¹,

Jabakhanji²,

Stroppa³

2021

Preprint

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The moiré engineering of two-dimensional magnets opens unprecedented opportunities to design novel magnetic states via the stacking-dependent magnetism. Here, we explore the formation and control of ground state topological spin structures (TSTs) in moiré CrI3 without including the nearest-neighbor (NN) Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions (DMI) and dipolar interactions in the theoretical approach. Using stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert simulations, we unveil the emergence of vortex and antivortex interlayer exchange fields at large moiré periodicity. The whirling fields stabilize spontaneous and field-assisted ground state TSTs with various topologies, including skyrmionic clusters with high topological charges. Furthermore, by examining the effect of the Kitaev interaction and the next NN DMI, we propose the latter as the unique spin-orbit coupling mechanism compatible with the experimental results on monolayer and twisted CrI3. Therefore, our study goes beyond the current knowledge about TSTs in moiré magnets, opens exciting opportunities for moiré skyrmionics, and uncovers the spin-orbit coupling in CrI3.

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Magnetic Skyrmion Lattices in a Novel 2D‐Twisted Bilayer Magnet

Zheng

2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected spin swirling vertices, which are promising in device applications due to their particle-like nature and excellent controlability. Magnetic skyrmions are extensively studied in a variety of materials and proposed to exist in the extreme 2D limit, i.e., in twisted bilayer CrI 3 (TBCI). Unfortunately, the magnetic states of TBCIs with small twist angles are disorderly distributed ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic (AFM) domains in recent experiments, and thus the method to get rid of disorders in TBCIs is highly desirable. Here, intralayer exchange interactions up to the third nearest neighbors without empirical parameters and very accurate interlayer exchange interactions are used to study the magnetic states of TBCIs. The functions of interlayer exchange interactions obtained using first-principles calculations and stored in symmetry-adapted artificial neural networks are proposed. Based on these, the subsequent Landau-Lifshitz-Gillbert equation calculations explain the disorderly distributed FM-AFM domains in TBCIs with small twist angles and predict the orderly distributed skyrmions in TBCIs with large twist angles. This novel twisted 2D bilayer magnet can be used to design memory devices, monochromatic spin wave generators and many kinds of skyrmion lattices.

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Magnetization textures in twisted bilayer CrX3 ( X =Br, I)

Cited by 60 publications

References 66 publications

Emergence of a noncollinear magnetic state in twisted bilayer CrI3

Emergence of a noncollinear magnetic state in twisted bilayer CrI3

Whirling interlayer fields as a new source of stable topological order in moiré CrI3

Magnetic Skyrmion Lattices in a Novel 2D‐Twisted Bilayer Magnet

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