Magnetization steps in Sn_1-xEu_xTe: Eu-Eu exchange and Eu distribution

Abstract

The magnetization of Sn1-x Eux Te, with x = 0.011 and 0.042, was measured at 20 mK in magnetic fields up to 90 kOe. Magnetization steps (MSTs) from pairs and triplets were observed. The MSTs give J /kB = -0.311±0.006 K for the dominant Eu-Eu exchange constant. Comparisons of the magnetization curves with numerical simulations indicate that, instead of being distributed randomly, the Eu ions tend to bunch together. A phenomenological approach which uses the concept of a local Eu concentration xL is quite successful in describing the data for these two samples.

Crystal growth and magnetic properties of tin selenide-doped europium Sn1−xEuxSe

“…Using a random distribution approach, the fitting of the experimental magnetization failed and was found to be far from satisfactory. This quandary was also encountered in the magnetization measurements at 20 mK of Sn 1 À x Eu x Te (x =0.011 and 0.04) by Gratens et al [21]. It was clear from their measurements at 20 mK that the Eu ions tend to bunch together and they proposed a phenomenological approach which uses the concept of a local Eu concentration x L to describe the data of their two samples.…”

“…A Quantum Design PPMS system equipped with a 9-T superconducting magnet was used to carry out the measurements from 2 K up to room temperature. The magnetization at 50 mK was carried out using a force magnetometer, a plastic dilution refrigerator and a 5.5 T superconducting magnet [20][21][22].…”

“…More recently, Gratens et al [21] investigated the magnetic properties Sn 1 À x Eu x Te (x= 0.011 and 0.038) and confirmed a dominant nearestneighbor (NN) antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between Eu 2 + ions with J/k B = À 0.31170.006 K.…”

Magnetic properties of Ce3+in PbCeA (A= Te, Se, S)

“…have been identified as potential candidates in thermoelectric materials with a high figure-of-merit, optoelectronic and spintronic applications [1][2][3][4]. The amount of knowledge, which has been accumulated, is less in IV-VI DMS than compared to the situation of II-VI DMS [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Magnetization, Magnetic Susceptibility and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements are poweful tools to study magnetic proprieties and electronic structures of DMS.…”

“…Magnetization, Magnetic Susceptibility and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements are poweful tools to study magnetic proprieties and electronic structures of DMS. Most of the investigated DMS systems in the literature are doped with transition metal and rare-earth ions having S (L = 0) states, such as Mn 2+ , Gd 3+ or Eu 2+ [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. However, the study of IV-VI DMS containing a fraction of non S-state rare-earth ions is much less explored [14][15][16].…”