Magnetization steps inPb1−xEuxS: Exchange and anisotropic interactions

IV-VI Semimagnetic Semiconductors: Recent Developments

“…An extensive work concerns the application of the so-called magnetization steps method to the study f the f-f exchange interactions between Eu ions in Pb1-x Εux Τe, Pb1-xΕuxSe and Pb1-x Εux S [9][10][11]. The interesting experimental result is the discovery of the fact that the magnetic exchange interaction between nearest Eu neighbors is the dominant antiferromagnetic interaction.…”

Crystal growth and magnetic properties of tin selenide-doped europium Sn1−xEuxSe

“…For II-VI DMS a large number of studies of these materials containing Mn 2 + , Co 2 + and Fe 2 + have been made during the last two decades. Nevertheless, the amount of knowledge, which has been accumulated, is much less in IV-VI DMS than compared to the situation of II-VI DMS [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The doping with ions is a prerequisite to change the characteristics of the pure crystal, such as the increase of the energy gap of the material and/or the change of carrier concentration.…”

“…The magnetization of the sample due to these ions is given by the Brillouin function, modified by an exchange interaction between the probe ions. Usually, these interactions are caused by the superexchange interaction mediated via the anions [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The exchange interaction between Co 2 + ions in II-VI compounds was determined by magnetic-susceptibility and Raman-scattering measurements.…”

Magnetic properties of Ce3+in PbCeA (A= Te, Se, S)

“…Magnetization, Magnetic Susceptibility and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements are poweful tools to study magnetic proprieties and electronic structures of DMS. Most of the investigated DMS systems in the literature are doped with transition metal and rare-earth ions having S (L = 0) states, such as Mn 2+ , Gd 3+ or Eu 2+ [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. However, the study of IV-VI DMS containing a fraction of non S-state rare-earth ions is much less explored [14][15][16].…”

“…have been identified as potential candidates in thermoelectric materials with a high figure-of-merit, optoelectronic and spintronic applications [1][2][3][4]. The amount of knowledge, which has been accumulated, is less in IV-VI DMS than compared to the situation of II-VI DMS [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Magnetization, Magnetic Susceptibility and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements are poweful tools to study magnetic proprieties and electronic structures of DMS.…”