Magnetite tethered mesoionic carbene‐palladium (II): An efficient and reusable nanomagnetic catalyst for Suzuki‐Miyaura and Mizoroki‐Heck cross‐coupling reactions in aqueous medium

Abstract

In this paper, a highly active, air‐ and moisture‐stable and easily recoverable magnetic nanoparticles tethered mesoionic carbene palladium (II) complex (MNPs‐MIC‐Pd) as nanomagnetic catalyst was successfully synthesized by a simplistic multistep synthesis under aerobic conditions using commercially available inexpensive chemicals for the first time. The synthesized MNPs‐MIC‐Pd nanomagnetic catalyst was in‐depth characterized by numerous physicochemical techniques such as FT‐IR, ICP‐AES, FESEM, EDS, TEM, p‐XRD, XPS, TGA and BET surface area analysis. The prepared MNPs‐MIC‐Pd nanomagnetic catalyst was used to catalyze the Suzuki–Miyaura and Mizoroki–Heck cross‐coupling reactions and exhibited excellent catalytic activity for various substrates under mild reaction conditions. Moreover, MNPs‐MIC‐Pd nanomagnetic catalyst could be easily and rapidly recovered by applying an external magnet. The recovered MNPs‐MIC‐Pd nanomagnetic catalyst exhibited very good catalytic activity up to ten times in Suzuki–Miyaura and five times in Mizoroki–Heck cross‐coupling reactions without considerable loss of its catalytic activity. However, MNPs‐MIC‐Pd nanomagnetic catalyst shows notable advantages such as heterogeneous nature, efficient catalytic activity, mild reaction conditions, easy magnetic work up and recyclability.

Catalytic and antibacterial properties of 3‐dentate carboxamide Pd/Pt complexes obtained via a benign route

“…Therefore, efforts have recently been made to design novel anticancer drugs based on palladium compounds . In addition, these compounds have attracted renewed interest due to their wide applications in catalytic processes, construction of chemical sensors, and antibacterial and cytotoxicity usage …”

1-Butyl-3-methyl-2-(diphenylphosphino)imidazalolium hexafluorophosphate as an efficient ligand for recoverable palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura reaction in neat water

“…In spite of abundant reports on performing the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions, developments to improve it are currently done. For example, conducting the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction in environmentally friendly solvents such as water have particular importance [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. Water is a great alternative to organic solvents which disposal is a main problem in the industry.…”

Recent Advances on N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Palladium‐catalyzed Heck Reaction

“…A novel idea of executing highly reactive, air‐moisture stable, heterogeneous, recyclable, non‐toxic magnetic nanoparticle (MNP's) bound meso‐ionic carbene palladium complex generated under aerobic conditions in Heck C−C coupling reaction was successfully attempted [54] . The reaction proceeded using 0.05 mol% of MNP's‐MIC−Pd catalyst, 2.2 mol Na 2 CO 3 base in 1 : 1 EtOH : H 2 O solvent at room temperature.…”