Magnetically separable and recyclable Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 /isoniazide/Pd nanocatalyst for highly efficient synthesis of biaryls by Suzuki coupling reactions

Cu(I)‐anchored polyvinyl alcohol coated‐magnetic nanoparticles as heterogeneous nanocatalyst in Ullmann‐type C–N coupling reactions

“…The XRD pattern of the Fe 3 O 4 @PVA/CuCl catalyst is depicted in Figure 7. The existence of six peaks at 2θ of 30.5 , 35 [28] 2 C 6 H 5 Br Morpholine 95 [28] 3 C 6 H 5 Cl Morpholine 60 [28] 4 p-NCC 6 H 4 I Morpholine 95 [27] 5 p-NCC 6 H 4 Br Morpholine 92 [27] 6 p-NCC 6 H 4 Cl Morpholine 55 [27] 7 p-CH 3 C 6 H 4 I Morpholine 96 [28] 8 p-CH 3 C 6 H 4 Br Morpholine 90 [28] 9 p-CH 3 OC 6 H 4 I Morpholine 95 [32] 10 p-CH 3 OC 6 H 4 Br Morpholine 90 [32] 11 C 6 H 5 I Piperidine 95 [29] 12 C 6 H 5 Br Piperidine 92 [29] 13 C 6 H 5 Cl Piperidine 55 [29] 14 C 6 H 5 I Indole 92 [27] 15 C 6 H 5 Br Indole 90 [27] 16 C 6 H 5 Cl Indole 60 [27] 17 C 6 H 5 I Imidazole 85 [33] 18 C 6 H 5 Br Imidazole 80 [33] Furthermore, CuCl existence in the Fe 3 O 4 @PVA/CuCl nanostructure was reconfirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis by studying binding energy range between 930 and 955 eV (Figure 8). The analysis resolved Cu 2p spectrum into two spin-orbit pairs with 932.2 and 952.1 eV binding energies, respectively.…”

Enhancement of azo dyes removal efficiency by using LDH/Tris/Pd catalyst: Kinetic studies

“…In the catalyst filed, the supported catalyst system has gained more attention as compared to their unsupported form and due to the high surface area, high reusability, increasing catalytic activity, and simplicity of separation . Nowadays, the immobilization of metal active sites onto supports to produce heterogeneous and reusable catalysts has attracted much more attention . Various inorganic, organic and hybrid porous systems, such as polymers, MOFs, zeolites, dendrimers and silica mesoporous systems have been utilized for supported palladium catalysts.…”

Pd–Schiff base complex supported on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles: A new and highly efficient reusable catalyst for C–C bond formation in water

“…During past decades, a few studies of monometallic nanocrystals, supported on magnetic Fe 3 O 4 , have been reported offering promising results in the catalysis of C─C cross‐coupling reactions . Moreover, there are many reports of Pd complexes supported on the surface of MNPs, such as Pd@Fe 3 O 4 ‐NH 2 /starch, Pd@g‐C 3 N 4 ‐Fe‐GO, PdAu/Fe 3 O 4 , Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 /isoniazide/Pd, Fe 3 O 4 /bentonite‐Pd, Pd (0/II) /CS‐bigua@Fe 3 O 4 , Fe 2 O 3 @FLG@Pd 0 , Fe 3 O 4 @CA‐Pd, Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 ‐Pd, etc. These catalytic systems benefit from the low toxicity, commercial availability and recyclability of Fe 3 O 4 MNPs …”