Magnetically Modulated Nanosystems: A Unique Drug-Delivery Platform

Barakat, Nahla S.

doi:10.2217/nnm.09.66

Cited by 61 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…In some cases, magnetic nanoparticles could interfere with the biological function of the cell when internalized to the cell (Solanki et al 2008;Barakat 2009). In other cases, however, SPIONs attached to the cell surface may interfere with cell surface interaction (Solanki et al 2008).…”

Section: Toxicity Assessment In Rbc'smentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity assessment of magnetosomes in different models

2017

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Magnetosomes are nanosized iron oxide particles surrounded by lipid membrane synthesized by magnetotactic bacteria (MTB). Magnetosomes have been exploited for a broad range of biomedical and biotechnological applications. Due to their enormous potential in the biomedical field, its safety assessment is necessary. Detailed research on the toxicity of the magnetosomes was not studied so far. This study focuses on the toxicity assessment of magnetosomes in various models such as Human RBC's, WBC's, mouse macrophage cell line (J774), Onion root tip and fish (Oreochromis mossambicus). The toxicity in RBC models revealed that the RBC's are unaltered up to a concentration of 150 lg/ml, and its morphology was not affected. The genotoxicity studies on WBC's showed that there were no detectable chromosomal aberrations up to a concentration of 100 lg/ml. Similarly, there were no detectable morphological changes observed on the magnetosome-treated J774 cells, and the viability of the cells was above 90% at all the tested concentrations. Furthermore, the magnetosomes are not toxic to the fish (O. mossambicus), as no mortality or behavioural changes were observed in the magnetosome-treated groups. Histopathological analysis of the same reveals no damage in the muscle and gill sections. Overall, the results suggest that the magnetosomes are safe at lower concentration and does not pose any potential risk to the ecosystem.

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Section: Toxicity Assessment In Rbc'smentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity assessment of magnetosomes in different models

2017

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“…Another example is the combined use of PDT and magnetohypothermia using magnetic nanoparticles [176,177]. This is related to a hyperthermia approach that combines PDT and photothermal therapy (PTT) [178], in which photothermal agents can selectively heat the local environment [179]. This relies on materials where, after light absorption of the photothermal agent, mainly non-radiative decay channels are used which results in overheating of the area around the light absorbing species.…”

Section: Additional Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanodrug applications in photodynamic therapy

Paszko

Ehrhardt

Senge

et al. 2011

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

326

215

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SummaryPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has developed over last century and is now becoming a more widely used medical tool having gained regulatory approval for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer and macular degeneration. It is a two-step technique in which delivery of a photosensitizing drug is followed by irradiation of light. Activated photosensitizers transfer energy to molecular oxygen which results in generation of reactive oxygen species which in turn cause cells apoptosis or necrosis. Although this modality has significantly improved quality of life and survival time for many cancer patients it still offers significant potential for further improvement. In addition to the development of new PDT drugs, the use of nanosized carriers for photosensitizers is a promising approach which might improve the efficiency of photodynamic activity and which can overcome many side effects associated with classic photodynamic therapy. This review aims at highlighting the different types of nanomedical approaches currently used in PDT and outlines future trends and limitations of nanodelivery of photosensitizers. PDT -photodynamic therapy; PGA -poly(glycolic acid); PGLA -poly(D,L-lactide-coglycolide); PLA -poly(lactic acid); PS -photosensitizer; PEG -polyethylene glycol; ALA  aminolevulinic acid; m-THPC  5,10,15,20-tetra-(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorine; m-THPP  meso-tetra(p-hydroxyphenyl); PpIX  protoporphyrin; Hp  hematoporphyrin; Pc4  silicon phthalocyanine; Ig  immunoglobulin; Tf  transferrin; TfR  transferrin receptor; VEGF  vascular endothelial growth factor; EPR  enhanced permeability and retention effect; FRET  fluorescence resonance energy transfer; MRI  magnetic resonance imaging; RES  reticuloendothelial system; ROS  reactive oxygen species; NP  nanoparticle; ND -nanodiamonds; SNP  silica nanoparticle; AMD  age-related macular degeneration; CNV  choroidal neovascularization; PTT  photothermal therapy;

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“…Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been implemented in drug and gene delivery 21,22 for tumors 23 as well as tissue generation 24 . Specifically, magnetic drug targeting (MDT) seeks to magnetically capture drug-loaded nanoparticles at a specified tumor location, continually applying magnetic fields at the disease site so as to guide NPs to, and increase NP accumulation at, the relevant site, thereby increasing the local concentration of drug payload and minimizing the systemic drug dose 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single particle tracking reveals biphasic transport during nanorod magnetophoresis through extracellular matrix

Mair

Superfine

2014

Soft Matter

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Magnetic drug targeting has been proposed as a means of efficiently targeting drugs to tumors. However, the extracellular matrix (ECM) remains a significant barrier to long-range magnetophoretic transport through the tumor volume. While ensemble measurements of nanoparticle magnetophoresis have been reported, a single particle level understanding of magnetophoretic transport remains at large. We quantify nanorod magnetophoresis through ECM based on single particle observations. We find that smaller diameter particles achieve larger velocities through ECM despite experiencing smaller magnetic forces. Additionally, two interesting dynamics are elucidated. First, 18 nm diameter nanorods experience bimodal stick-slip motion through ECM during static field magnetophoresis, while similar bimodal transport is not observed for 55 nm nor 200 nm diameter nanorods. Second, smaller particles experience larger deviations in their orientation angle with respect to the magnetic field. This work elucidates important dynamics of nanoparticle transport through complex, porous biomaterials that may go unnoticed during ensemble measurements.

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Magnetically Modulated Nanosystems: A Unique Drug-Delivery Platform

Cited by 61 publications

References 92 publications

Toxicity assessment of magnetosomes in different models

Toxicity assessment of magnetosomes in different models

Nanodrug applications in photodynamic therapy

Single particle tracking reveals biphasic transport during nanorod magnetophoresis through extracellular matrix

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