Magnetically Augmented Water Treatment

Abstract

A test rig was constructed to investigate the effect of orthogonally applied magnetic ® elds on solutions of calcium carbonate and accompanying changes in scale deposits formed from solution. The rig employed recirculated calcium carbonate solutions, which were passed through magnetic ® elds of strengths up to 7000 Gauss. Scaling occurred on a copper heat exchanger surface at temperatures set at between 408 C and 608 C. Changes in solution chemistry, zeta potential and particle size were also investigated. Scale deposits were analysed by scanning electron microscopy.Results showed that magnetic treatment had a signi® cant effect on the precipitation/ deposition of calcium carbonate from solution under controlled physico-chemical conditions. Scaling was affected by the system temperature, pH and degree of supersaturation. The magnetic ® eld was shown to in¯uence signi® cantly the zeta potential and particle size distribution of particles formed in solution, as well as the crystal morphology of the calcium carbonate deposits.This paper presents a summary of laboratory results and relates them to a possible mechanism.

The effects of magnetic fields on water molecular hydrogen bonds

“…But still the principle of magnetic water treatment effects is still not well understood and various contradictory hypotheses were proposed. From the microscopic point of view, the magnetic field was shown to influence significantly the zeta potential and size distribution of the particles formed in solution [24]. It was often attributed to the Lorentz forcesF ¼ q:ṽ ÂB exerted either on moving ions or on charged solid particles [25].…”

Effect of Magnetic Treatment on Surface Tension and Water Evaporation

“…Magnetic treatment methods can be used in the field of agriculture to alleviate salinity problems of irrigation. In recent years, the effects of magnetic fields on water have been of interest to physicists, chemists and biologists (Parsons et al, 1997). Smirnov (2003) stated that water, as a conductor of electromagnetic waves, can receive signals emitted by magnetic forces and thus becomes the mediator between the source of magnetic field and the plant.…”

Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 1, No. 1, June 2009, all in one file.

“…exerted either on moving ions or on charged solid particles (Higashitani et al, 1993). The magnetic field (MF) would be able to disturb the double ionic layer surrounding the colloidal particles and their zeta potential (Gamayunov, 1983;Higashitani and Oshitani, 1998;Parsons et al, 1997).…”