Magnetic van der Waals materials: Synthesis, structure, magnetism, and their potential applications

Abstract

As the family of magnetic materials is rapidly growing, two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnets have attracted increasing attention as a platform to explore fundamental physical problems of magnetism and their potential applications. This paper reviews the recent progress on emergent vdW magnetic compounds and their potential applications in devices. First, we summarize the current vdW magnetic materials and their synthetic methods. Then, we focus on their structure and the modulation of magnetic properties by analyzing the representative vdW magnetic materials with different magnetic structures. In addition, we pay attention to the heterostructures of vdW magnetic materials, which are expected to produce revolutionary applications of magnetism-related devices. To motivate the researchers in this area, we finally provide the challenges and outlook on 2D vdW magnetism.

<i>In-situ</i> strain engineering and applications of van der Waals materials

“…刺激的影响 [20,56,57] . 通过静电掺杂 [58][59][60][61] 、垂直电场 [62] 和静水压力 [63,64] 等多种手段, 研究人员试图改变 这类磁性材料的磁化方向, 以此寻找非磁场的低功 耗调控方式.…”

Efficient current-induced spin torques and field-free magnetization switching in a room-temperature van der Waals magnet

“…Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnets have recently emerged as one of the most intriguing areas in physics and materials research. These cleavable magnetic materials provide an unprecedented platform to manipulate nanoscale phases and to host emergent spin-related phenomena, thus promising appealing applications in low-power electronics, quantum computing, and optical communications (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). Owing to their intrinsically clean surface without dangling bonds, the vdW magnets have the potential to realize a superior interface that allows for efficient spin transports.…”

Metamagnetism and Magnetocaloric Properties in a van der Waals Antiferromagnet CrOCl

“…belong to this vdW family. [ 3 ] Materials within the family of MX 3 and MPS x (M = transition metal; X = halogen, and x = 3,4) are extensively studied AFM in their both bulk and layered forms. [ 3–5 ] Beyond the common long‐range ordering, these materials possess spin‐flip or spin‐flop metamagnetism, spin reorientation transition or FM–AFM switching as confirmed by magnetic entropy change or tunneling magnetoresistance measurements, etc.…”

“…[3] Materials within the family of MX 3 and MPSx (M ¼ transition metal; X ¼ halogen, and x ¼ 3,4) are extensively studied AFM in their both bulk and layered forms. [3][4][5] Beyond the common long-range ordering, these materials possess spin-flip or spin-flop metamagnetism, spin reorientation transition or FM-AFM switching as confirmed by magnetic entropy change or tunneling magnetoresistance measurements, etc. [6][7][8][9] Moreover, recent reports on MOX (M ¼ V, Cr, Fe; X ¼ Cl, Br), another vdW family of materials, open a new platform to explore the spintronics research in a more fascinating way.…”