Exchange bias, training effect, hysteretic behavior of angular dependence, and rotational hysteresis loss in NiFe/FeMn bilayer: Effect of antiferromagnet layer thickness J. Appl. Phys. 105, 053913 (2009); 10.1063/1.3087450Thickness and angular dependencies of exchange bias in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic bilayers Exchange biasing has been studied for a series of ͓100͔ and ͓111͔ oriented, epitaxial Fe 3 O 4 /CoO bilayers grown by oxidic MBE. The low-temperature exchange biasing versus CoO layer thickness is compared to theoretical models for exchange biasing. We argue that the Malozemoff random field model does not apply to this system. The exchange biasing calculated according to the Meiklejohn-Bean model, assuming nearest-neighbor exchange coupling across a flat and magnetically uncompensated interface, differs for ͓100͔ oriented bilayers by a factor of Ӎ8 from the experimental value.