Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Hepatic Fat from Fundamental to Clinical Applications

Pasanta, Duanghathai; Htun, Khin Thandar; Pan, Jie; Tungjai, Montree; Kaewjaeng, S.; Kim, Hongjoo; Kaewkhao, J.; Kothan, S.

doi:10.3390/diagnostics11050842

Cited by 22 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(229 reference statements)

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“…The high visceral fat induces hepatic lipogenesis which has an adverse effect on glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. Moreover, the redirected flow of free fatty acid (FFA) discharged from visceral lipolysis to the liver in obese people promotes hepatic triglyceride storage, which is the main cause of organ-specific disease nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [9][10][11]. The fat deposition in the liver is compensated by more energy storage in peripheral adipose tissue according to the "ectopic fat hypothesis" [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Molecular Imaging (MRI/MRS/1H NMR) for Metabolic Information in Young Adults with Health Risk Obesity

Htun

Pan

Pasanta

et al. 2021

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Background: Obesity or being overweight is a medical condition of abnormal body fat accumulation which is associated with a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome. The distinct body fat depots on specific parts of the anatomy have unique metabolic properties and different types of regional excessive fat distribution can be a disease hazard. The aim of this study was to identify the metabolome and molecular imaging phenotypes among a young adult population. Methods: The amount and distribution of fat and lipid metabolites profile in the abdomen, liver, and calf muscles of 46 normal weight, 17 overweight, and 13 obese participants were acquired using MRI and MR spectroscopy (MRS), respectively. The serum metabolic profile was obtained using proton NMR spectroscopy. NMR spectra were integrated into seven integration regions, which reflect relative metabolites. Results: A significant metabolic disorder symptom appeared in the overweight and obese group, and increased lipid deposition occurred in the abdomen, hepatocytes, and muscles that were statistically significant. Overall, the visceral fat depots had a marked influence on dyslipidemia biomarkers, blood triglyceride (r = 0.592, p < 0.001), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = −0.484, p < 0.001). Intrahepatocellular lipid was associated with diabetes predictors for hemoglobin (HbA1c%; r = 0.379, p < 0.001) and for fasting blood sugar (r = 0.333, p < 0.05). The lipid signals in serum triglyceride and glucose signals gave similar correspondence to biochemical lipid profiles. Conclusions: This study proves the association between alteration in metabolome in young adults, which is the key population for early prevention of obesity and metabolic syndrome. This study suggests that dyslipidemia prevalence is influenced mainly by the visceral fat depot, and liver fat depot is a key determinant for glucose metabolism and hyperglycemia. Moreover, noninvasive advanced molecular imaging completely elucidated the impact of fat distribution on the anthropometric and laboratory parameters, especially indices of the metabolic syndrome biomarkers in young adults.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Molecular Imaging (MRI/MRS/1H NMR) for Metabolic Information in Young Adults with Health Risk Obesity

Htun

Pan

Pasanta

et al. 2021

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“…Liver SFF can be calculated as follows: A fat /( A fat + A water ) × 100%, where A fat is the summation of lipid peak areas and A water is the area under the water peak[ 18 ]. After T1 and T2 relaxation effects are corrected, spectroscopy-derived PDFF can be corrected[ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Main technical factors-single-voxel technique vs multi-voxel technique: 1 H-MRS spectra can be obtained using single-voxel or multiple-voxel techniques. The single-voxel technique for sampling a voxel of interest with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is commonly applied in hepatic MRS measurements[ 19 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to select the quantitative magnetic resonance technique for subjects with fatty liver: A systematic review

Li¹,

Yang²,

Chen³

et al. 2022

WJCC

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BACKGROUND Early quantitative assessment of liver fat content is essential for patients with fatty liver disease. Mounting evidence has shown that magnetic resonance (MR) technique has high accuracy in the quantitative analysis of fatty liver, and is suitable for monitoring the therapeutic effect on fatty liver. However, many packaging methods and postprocessing functions have puzzled radiologists in clinical applications. Therefore, selecting a quantitative MR imaging technique for patients with fatty liver disease remains challenging. AIM To provide information for the proper selection of commonly used quantitative MR techniques to quantify fatty liver. METHODS We completed a systematic literature review of quantitative MR techniques for detecting fatty liver, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. Studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, and their quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Studies criteria. The Reference Citation Analysis database ( ) was used to analyze citation of articles which were included in this review. RESULTS Forty studies were included for spectroscopy, two-point Dixon imaging, and multiple-point Dixon imaging comparing liver biopsy to other imaging methods. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the three techniques and their clinical diagnostic performances were analyzed. CONCLUSION The proton density fat fraction derived from multiple-point Dixon imaging is a noninvasive method for accurate quantitative measurement of hepatic fat content in the diagnosis and monitoring of fatty liver progression.

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“…For these reasons, MRI has become the preferred method for the quantification of visceral fat and subcutaneous fat in both adults and adolescents [ 14 , 15 ]. MRI techniques such as T1-weighted imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and fat-water imaging sequence (chemical shift-based) have been used extensively to assess body fat in both research and clinical areas [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. However, there has been little quantitative analysis data obtained concerning the use of 1.5 T MRI techniques for fat compartments in young adults, despite the importance of an association between abdominal fat and associated health risks in this age group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waist Circumference and BMI Are Strongly Correlated with MRI-Derived Fat Compartments in Young Adults

Pasanta

Htun

Pan

et al. 2021

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Young adulthood is increasingly considered as a vulnerable age group for significant weight gain, and it is apparent that there is an increasing number of new cases of metabolic syndrome developing among this population. This study included 60 young adult volunteers (18–26 years old). All participants obtained a calculated total abdominal fat percentage, subcutaneous fat percentage, and visceral fat percentage using a semiautomatic segmentation technique from T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of the abdomen. The results show strongest correlation between abdominal fat and BMI (r = 0.824) followed by subcutaneous fat (r = 0.768), and visceral fat (r = 0.633) respectively, (p < 0.001 for all, after having been adjusted for age and gender). Among anthropometric measurements, waist circumference showed strong correlation with all fat compartments (r = 0.737 for abdominal, r = 0.707 for subcutaneous fat, and r = 0.512 for visceral fat; p < 0.001 for all). The results obtained from examining the blood revealed that there was a moderate positive correlation relationship between all fat compartments with triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, and fasting glucose levels (p < 0.05 for all). This study suggests that both BMI and waist circumference could be used to assess the fat compartments and treatment targets to reduce the risk of metabolic disorders and health risks in the young adult population.

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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Hepatic Fat from Fundamental to Clinical Applications

Cited by 22 publications

References 153 publications

Advanced Molecular Imaging (MRI/MRS/1H NMR) for Metabolic Information in Young Adults with Health Risk Obesity

Advanced Molecular Imaging (MRI/MRS/1H NMR) for Metabolic Information in Young Adults with Health Risk Obesity

How to select the quantitative magnetic resonance technique for subjects with fatty liver: A systematic review

Waist Circumference and BMI Are Strongly Correlated with MRI-Derived Fat Compartments in Young Adults

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