Magnetic resonance of vascular anomalies

Percutaneous Sclerotherapy for Facial Venous Malformations: Subjective Clinical and Objective MR Imaging Follow-Up Results

“…[1][2][3] Diagnosis is typically based on clinical presentation, with confirmation by MR imaging largely recognized as the criterion standard. 1,[4][5][6] The classic MR appearance is that of a soft tissue mass that is hyperintense on T2-weighted images and hypointense on T1-weighted images. Multiple, rounded signal intensity voids representing phleboliths may be noted.…”

“…This contrast enhancement allows the differentiation of venous malformations from other nonenhancing cystic lesions (eg, lymphatic malformations). 6 The treatment of choice is percutaneous sclerotherapy with or without surgical excision, 1,2 and it is indicated for alleviation of swelling, pain, and cosmetic reasons. Either complete excision or sclerosis is important, as it has been shown that incomplete treatment leads to symptom recurrence.…”

“…Although anecdotally described as a useful tool for measuring treatment efficacy, 6 and evaluated in the context of peripheral VM, 10 a formal analysis of pre-and posttreatment MR imaging of craniofacial venous vascular malformations in the adult population has yet to be described in the literature. The purpose of this study was to report the results of bleomycin sclerotherapy for facial venous malformations by using subjective clinical assessment and objective changes on MR imaging.…”

A Diagnostic Program of Vascular Tumor and Vascular Malformations in Children According to Modern Classification

“…A worrying sign is that more than half of patients with VAs come to specialized centers with an incorrect diagnosis (6). The reason for this may be lack of consistency in terminology and use of inappropriate imaging techniques for diagnosis.…”

Untitled

“…MRI gives a bright signal on T2-weighted spin-echo sequences for the parenchymal portions of vascular lesions which is not only useful to delineate the extent of the malformation throughout the involved tissues but it also allows for treatment planning and can be used for objective assessment of the treatment efficacy 60 . Full extent of tissue involvement is readily depicted when T1 and T2 or Short Tau Inversion Recovery (STIR) images are acquired.…”