Magnetic resonance imaging of infratentorial anaplastic ependymoma in children

León, María Isabel Martínez; Denis, María; Lara, B. Weil

doi:10.1016/j.rxeng.2012.05.003

Cited by 3 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…It has reported that the symptoms of anaplastic ependymomas can develop earlier than those of low-grade ependymomas (2). Intracranial hypertension is the most common specific symptom, particularly in children, and the present findings were in accordance with this observation (5,11).…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

“…Intracranial ependymomas mostly occur in the fourth ventricle, while other ependymomas occur in the lateral ventricle, brain parenchyma, spinal cord or cauda equina. The lesions vary in biological behavior (2,12). Of all intracranial ependymomas, ~60% are infratentorial and 40% are supratentorial (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This lesion is the most malignant of all ependymomas (1,5,7) and can also develop from low-grade ependymoma. Histologically, ependymomas are moderately cellular tumors characterized by perivascular pseudorosettes (2,5). The cellular atypia and karyokinesis, cell proliferation and necrosis of anaplastic tumors are more evident than those of low-grade …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This tumor was listed as a new type between 1993 and 2007, and was classified as WHO grade III in 2007 (2). Ependymoma arises from differentiated ependymal cells lining the ventricles (1,3), and the proportion of ependymomas among intracranial glial tumors is 3-9% (4-7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anaplastic ependymomas are malignant in terms of their biological behavior, and patients with anaplastic ependymomas are at high risk of metastasis and relapse, which are responsible for the poor prognosis (2,(5)(6)(7)9). A combination of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy can improve the patient outcome (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic resonance imaging findings of extraventricular anaplastic ependymoma: A report of 11 cases

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Anaplastic ependymomas are rare malignant tumors of the central nervous system. Few studies are available regarding their neuroradiological characteristics. The present study aimed to retrospectively review a series of patients with extraventricular anaplastic ependymoma and to analyze the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics to distinguish anaplastic ependymoma from other intracranial tumors. The clinical and pathological images of 11 patients who presented with histologically proven anaplastic ependymoma at Nanfang Hospital (Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China) between September 2004 and March 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. MRI scans were obtained in all 11 cases. Computed tomography scans were obtained in only 3 cases. In total, 8 tumors were located at the supratentorial parenchyma, and 3 tumors were derived from the cerebellar hemisphere. Images displayed quasi-circular (4/11), irregularly-lobulated (7/11) variable-intensity masses. The masses presented with cysts or necrosis (8/11), hemorrhage (7/11), marked (9/11) or mild (2/11) enhancement, and moderate (4/11), mild (3/11) or absent (4/11) peritumoral edema. The tumors were also frequently closely associated with the lateral ventricle (6/11). Tumors appeared isointense to hypointense on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and heterogeneously hyperintense or hypointense on T2WI, demonstrating wreath-like and ring-like characteristics, with intratumoral nodules (3/11) or marked flake-like inhomogeneous (6/11) enhancement on post-contrast MRI. Only 2 solid lesions showed mild enhancement (2/11). Although the MRI features of the extraventricular anaplastic ependymomas varied and were non-specific, these characteristic MRI findings, combined with the locations of the lesions, the age of onset and the short disease course, could be useful in differentiating anaplastic ependymomas from other intracranial neoplasms in the future.

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supporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%