Magnetic resonance imaging of acute symptomatic Schmorlʼs node formation

Walters, Guillermo; Coumas, James M.; Akins, Carlton M.; Ragland, Ronald L.

doi:10.1097/00006565-199110000-00009

Cited by 52 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…The occurrence of more nodes in the lower thoracic spine, compared with the upper lumbar spine, and the higher incidence of nodes on caudal (inferior) surfaces of vertebrae T10 and T11 are consistent with studies of cadavers (9). Predominance in the T10 -L1 region suggests that this region is particularly susceptible to stress (28) and is similar to the sites of occurrence of acute SN, supporting the view that trauma weakens the cartilaginous end plates, resulting in disc herniation and formation of chronic SN (29). However, such weakening of the end plate (30) may not be a prerequisite for disc extrusion.…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

Schmorl's nodes: Common, highly heritable, and related to lumbar disc disease

Williams¹,

Manek²,

Sambrook³

et al. 2007

Arthritis & Rheumatism

133

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Objective. Schmorl's nodes (SN) are common, but little is known of their relationship with degenerative change and back pain or genetic and environmental factors influencing their expression. We studied healthy female twin volunteers to determine the prevalence and clinical features associated with SN. Methods. Serial sagittal T1-and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images of the lower thoracic and lumbar spine were analyzed in 516 healthy female twins (150 monozygotic and 366 dizygotic). The images were scored for lumbar degenerative change. Presence of SN was noted at cranial and caudal vertebral levels T9 to L5. Data on physical activity and back pain were collected by questionnaire. Heritability of SN was calculated using variance components modeling. Results. SN were found in 30% of subjects. Of the 374 SN, 153 (41%) were in the lumbar spine and 221 (59%) were in the thoracic spine. SN heritability was >70%. There was a positive association between SN and lumbar disc disease (LDD). SN were more frequent in subjects with back pain (for >2 SN: odds ratio [OR] 2.68, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.11-6.47, P ‫؍‬ 0.03), but this was largely accounted for by the association of SN with LDD (OR 1.97, 95% CI 0.78 -5.0, P ‫؍‬ 0.15 adjusted for LDD). No independent association of SN with back pain was identified. Conclusion. SN are common in middle-aged women and are strongly genetically determined. They are associated with lumbar degenerative change, which is a risk factor for back pain, but are not themselves an independent risk factor for back pain.

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supporting

confidence: 83%

Schmorl's nodes: Common, highly heritable, and related to lumbar disc disease

Williams¹,

Manek²,

Sambrook³

et al. 2007

Arthritis & Rheumatism

133

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“…Using conventional radiography and CT, the Schmorl's nodule is not apparent until there is a radiolucent defect with a surrounding bony reactive sclerosis. MR is sensitive in diagnosing those nodules because it can directly detect the prolapsed disc material (28). In the present study, Schmorl's nodules were observed as signal changes within the vertebral bodies and also more often observed in association with disc degeneration (9).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Discovertebral Junction of the Spine - A Cadaveric Study by Spin-Echo Mr Imaging

et al. 1995

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“…Although Burial 1 is a young individual, the appearance of a Schmorl's node could be early evidence of changes in the lumbar spine due to frequent riding. Schmorl's nodes in modern populations have been associated with traumarelated injuries in young male athletes (Walters & Coumas, 1991;Yochum et al, 1994) and identified as occupational markers associated with carrying heavy loads (Wilczak & Kennedy, 1998). They have also been associated with congenital defects of the dorsal plate and medical conditions such as hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, infection and neoplasm (Yochum et al, 1994).…”

Section: Life On Horsebackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life on horseback: palaeopathology of two Scythian skeletons from Alexandropol, Ukraine

Wentz

Grummond

2008

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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In 2006, two skeletons were analysed that were previously excavated from the periphery of a Scythian burial mound, near the village of Alexandropol in southern Ukraine. Dated to ca. 325 BC, both remains are male. The first is that of a youth in his late teens who exhibits indications of biological stress and degenerative changes to the spine in the form of a Schmorl's node. The second is a middle-aged individual with extensive healed lesions due to trauma to the right humerus and clavicle with associated bony changes of the elbow and spine. Stable isotope analyses indicate a diet based on C3 plants. Their skeletons suggest a rigorous life on horseback. Both may have served as sacrificial victims. Historical records document the strangulation of attendants and their placement around the periphery of royal burial mounds. Grave goods suggest that both were warriors, although the youth lacks the traumatic injuries exhibited by the older male. The individuals from Alexandropol may have served a Scythian king in life and in death.

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Magnetic resonance imaging of acute symptomatic Schmorlʼs node formation

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Schmorl's nodes: Common, highly heritable, and related to lumbar disc disease

Schmorl's nodes: Common, highly heritable, and related to lumbar disc disease

Discovertebral Junction of the Spine - A Cadaveric Study by Spin-Echo Mr Imaging

Life on horseback: palaeopathology of two Scythian skeletons from Alexandropol, Ukraine

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