Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Extradural Spinal Neoplasia in 60 Dogs and Seven Cats

Auger, Mylène; Hecht, Silke; Springer, Cary

doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.610490

Cited by 15 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…In contrast to brain lesions, bone lysis was not observed in our group of cats with spinal lesions, even in the presence of paravertebral lesions. This finding is consistent with previous publications on cats, 27 dogs, 27,28 and humans, 47 in which cortical sparing or cortical lysis with preserved vertebral shape were common features of round cell neoplasms, as opposed to other tumor types.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features of lymphoma involving the nervous system in cats

Durand

Keenihan

Schweizer

et al. 2022

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Lymphoma is the most common spinal cord neoplasm and second most common intracranial tumor in cats, but description of specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features is lacking. Objective Describe the clinical and MRI features of lymphoma affecting the central (CNS) or peripheral (PNS) nervous system or both in cats. Animals Thirty‐one cats with confirmed cytological or histopathological diagnosis or both of lymphoma involving the CNS or PNS or both, and MRI findings of the lesions. Methods Multicenter retrospective descriptive study. Signalment and medical information were recorded. Magnetic resonance imaging findings were reviewed by 3 observers following a list of predefined criteria and consensus was sought. Frequency distributions of the different categorical data were reported. Results Median duration of clinical signs at time of presentation was 14 days (range, 1‐90). Neurological examination was abnormal in 30/31 cats. On MRI, lesions affecting the CNS were diagnosed in 18/31 cats, lesions in both CNS and PNS in 12/31, and lesions in the PNS only in 1/31. Intracranial lesions were diagnosed in 22 cats (extra‐axial, 7/22; intra‐axial, 2/22; mixed, 13/22), and spinal lesions were diagnosed in 12 (6/12 involving the conus medullaris and lumbosacral plexuses). Infiltration of adjacent extra‐neural tissue was present in 11/31 cases. Contrast enhancement was seen in all lesions, being marked in 25/30. Meningeal enhancement was present in all but 2 cases. Several distinct MRI patterns were observed. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Nervous system lymphoma in cats has a wide range of MRI features, of which none is pathognomonic. However, together with clinical data and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, MRI may provide a strong tentative antemortem diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features of lymphoma involving the nervous system in cats

Durand

Keenihan

Schweizer

et al. 2022

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Other previously reported tumor types in non-domestic felids include a thoracic vertebral chordoma, a vertebral osteosarcoma, and a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor (45,53,58), but imaging findings for those cases were not reported. MRI findings in multiple myeloma in dogs overlap with other round cell tumors and include multifocal bone lesions centered on the medullary cavity with cortical sparing, with or without extension into the vertebral canal (56,59), similar to changes seen in the patient of this report.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The only patient with spinal neoplasia in this patient cohort was diagnosed with multiple myeloma, which is surprising [this animal was included in a prior case series on hypergammaglobulinemia and myeloma in 5 tigers ( 14 )]. Spinal neoplasms in domestic cats are rare, and lymphoma is the most commonly reported tumor type ( 56 , 57 ). Other previously reported tumor types in non-domestic felids include a thoracic vertebral chordoma, a vertebral osteosarcoma, and a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor ( 45 , 53 , 58 ), but imaging findings for those cases were not reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 50 Captive Non-domestic Felids - Technique and Imaging Diagnoses

et al. 2022

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the recognized gold standard for diagnostic imaging of the central nervous system in human and veterinary patients. Information on the use of this modality and possible imaging abnormalities in captive non-domestic felids is currently limited to individual case reports or small case series. This retrospective study provides information on technique and imaging findings in a cohort of cases undergoing MRI at an academic Veterinary Medical Center. The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine MRI database was searched for non-domestic felids undergoing MRI of the brain or spine from 2008 to 2021. Medical record data were recorded, and MRI studies were reviewed. Fifty animals met the inclusion criteria. The most common brain diseases were Chiari-like malformation (n = 8) and inflammatory conditions (n = 8). Other abnormalities included pituitary lesions (n = 5), brain atrophy (n = 2), and one each of metabolic and traumatic conditions. Fourteen animals had a normal brain MRI study. The most common spinal abnormality was intervertebral disc disease (n = 7). Other disorders included vertebral dysplasia (n = 2), presumptive ischemic myelopathy (n = 1), subdural ossification causing spinal cord compression (n = 1), and multiple myeloma (n = 1). Spinal cord swelling of undetermined cause was suspected in two animals, and seven patients had a normal MRI study of the spine. MRI is a valuable tool in the diagnostic workup of non-domestic felids with presumptive neurologic disease.

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“…13 No imaging description of primary intracranial hemangiosarcoma has been reported in dogs and a detailed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) description of the metastatic form is only available for one dog. 10 Spinal hemangiosarcoma has been reported mainly as extradural, arising from vertebrae [14][15][16][17][18][19] but also as primary epidural, [20][21][22] multicompartmental (extradural invading the leptomeninges), 19 metastatic intramedullary, [23][24][25][26] and intradural extramedullary. 27 It is estimated to comprise 2-3% of all primary bone tumors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI features of canine hemangiosarcoma affecting the central nervous system

Mallol

Gutierrez‐Quintana

Hammond

et al. 2021

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Hemangiosarcoma is the most common metastatic tumor involving the brain in dogs but detailed published descriptions of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features are lacking. The objective of this multi‐center, retrospective case series study was to describe MRI characteristics of canine hemangiosarcoma affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Medical records of seven referral institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Dogs were included if they had a histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of hemangiosarcoma affecting the CNS and undergone an MRI of the brain and/or vertebral column. Lesions were independently evaluated by two observers. Twenty dogs met the inclusion criteria and one dog had both intracranial and intramedullary hemangiosarcoma. Consistent MRI features included heterogeneous (17/21) lesions in all sequences with mainly mixed signal intensity (12/21), presence of susceptibility artifact on T2*w (15/16), associated moderate to severe perilesional edema (21/21), and moderate to strong (20/21) heterogeneous (14/21) or ring‐like (6/21) contrast enhancement. Intracranial hemangiosarcoma was frequently multiple and intra‐axial, affecting consistently the telencephalon and no differences in MRI features were found between primary and metastatic hemangiosarcoma. This is the first MRI description of primary intracranial hemangiosarcoma and primary intracranial epithelioid hemangiosarcoma. Vertebral hemangiosarcomas were segmental poorly marginated polyostotic and highly aggressive lesions invading the thoracic vertebral canal and paraspinal tissues. Epidural hemangiosarcomas were single and well‐marginated lesions in the thoracolumbar and/or lumbar region. Intramedullary hemangiosarcomas were cervical, metastatic in origin, and frequently (3/4) accompanied by intracranial lesions. These described MRI features will aid early identification of hemangiosarcoma guiding subsequent diagnostics and therapeutics.

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Extradural Spinal Neoplasia in 60 Dogs and Seven Cats

Cited by 15 publications

References 55 publications

Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features of lymphoma involving the nervous system in cats

Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features of lymphoma involving the nervous system in cats

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 50 Captive Non-domestic Felids - Technique and Imaging Diagnoses

MRI features of canine hemangiosarcoma affecting the central nervous system

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