Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Rhabdoid Glioblastomas

Abstract

rGB is a new entity which has not yet appeared in the WHO classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Understanding its clinical and imaging features may help to distinguish it from other tumors of CNS.

A case report: Rhabdoid glioblastoma

“…The symptom of Rhabdoid glioblastoma is mainly craniofacial symptoms resulted from intracranial space occupying effect, such as headache, vomiting, visual disturbance and epilepsy, etc. MRI of Rhabdoid glioblastoma generally expresses as inhomogeneous and mixed T1, T2 signals, after enhancement the focus turns out to be ring strengthening, commonly accompanied with extensive necrotic foci, occasionally there is hemorrhage, cystic degeneration occurred in the focus [6]. So far there are not any distinct imaging features found for Rhabdoid glioblastoma.…”

“…Rhabdoid glioblastoma is a kind of highly malignant tumor that is common in young patients. The predilection site locates at frontal and temporal lobe, with the characteristic of early recurrence and leptomeningeal spread [3][4][5][6][7]. The symptom of Rhabdoid glioblastoma is mainly craniofacial symptoms resulted from intracranial space occupying effect, such as headache, vomiting, visual disturbance and epilepsy, etc.…”

“…On the aspect of Pathology, Rhabdoid glioblastoma displayed as: under the microscope it can be seen that tumor cells show round or oval shape, with cytoplasmic rich eosinophilic, nucleus large deviation, and have obvious nucleoli. Immunohistochemistry reveals that this kind of tumor shows GFAP and Vimentin positive, focal expresses EMA, CK and INI-1 positive or special expression absence [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Although Atypical teratoma/ rhabdomyosarcoma also has Rhabdoid tumor cells in the field of vision, the INI-1 expression is completely absent.…”

“…Following operation, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, serving as adjunctive therapy, would be performed. Even though the strategies above mentioned been done, it has been reported that [3][4][5][6][7][8] most cases recurred or committed Leptomeningeal spread, with poor prognosis. The mean life span of Rhabdoid glioblastoma is about 4.1 months [4].…”

“…This case in our report died five months after the operation from Leptomeningeal spread. The number of Rhabdoid glioblastoma cases is limited, based on literature retrieval, there are only 20 cases of this kind of tumor [1,[3][4][5][6][7][8]. It's clinical diagnosis and therapeutic methods remain elucidation.…”