Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Cervical Stenotic Myelopathy in 21 Dogs

Lipsitz, David; Levitski, Robin E.; Chauvet, Anne E.; Berry, Wayne L.

doi:10.1111/j.1740-8261.2001.tb00899.x

Cited by 68 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…61 However, it was also detected in 1 Doberman Pinscher with CSM in the present study. Although the disease in Doberman Pinschers is primarily disk related, an overlap between the pathologic changes of large-and giant-breed dogs seems to exist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Morphologic and morphometric magnetic resonance imaging features of Doberman Pinschers with and without clinical signs of cervical spondylomyelopathy

Costa¹,

Parent²,

Partlow³

et al. 2006

ajvr

118

214

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The incidence of intervertebral disk degeneration and foraminal stenosis in clinically normal Doberman Pinschers was high; cervical spinal cord compression may be present without concurrent clinical signs. A combination of static factors (ie, a relatively stenotic vertebral canal and wider intervertebral disks) distinguished CSM-affected dogs from clinically normal dogs and appears to be a key feature in the pathogenesis of CSM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Morphologic and morphometric magnetic resonance imaging features of Doberman Pinschers with and without clinical signs of cervical spondylomyelopathy

Costa¹,

Parent²,

Partlow³

et al. 2006

ajvr

118

214

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Degenerative or osteoarthritic changes of the articular processes are one of the most common causes of vertebral canal stenosis and secondary spinal cord compression in GDs with osseous-associated CSM (Rendano and Smith, 1981; Lipsitz et al, 2001; Gutierrez-Quintana and Penderis, 2012). In this study, the areas of the caudal articular processes at C5–C6 and C6–C7 were 45% and 37% larger in CSM-affected GDs than clinically normal GDs, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice for dogs with suspected CSM (Lipsitz et al, 2001; da Costa, 2010; Gutierrez-Quintana and Penderis, 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cervical spondylomyelopathy in Great Danes: A magnetic resonance imaging morphometric study

Martín-Vaquero

Costa

Lima

2014

The Veterinary Journal

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Morphometric investigations comparing normal and affected animals increase our understanding of spinal diseases in dogs. The aim of this study was to generate morphometric data for osseous-associated cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM) in Great Danes (GDs). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) morphometric features of the cervical vertebral column of GDs with and without clinical signs of CSM were characterized and compared. Thirty client-owned GDs were prospectively enrolled, including 15 clinically normal and 15 CSM-affected GDs. All dogs underwent MRI of the cervical to thoracic vertebral column (C2–C3 through T1–T2). Areas of the cranial and caudal articular processes, and the height, width and areas of the vertebral canal and spinal cord were determined. Middle foraminal heights were measured. Intervertebral disc width was measured before and after traction. Intraobserver and interobserver agreement were calculated. CSM-affected GDs had larger areas of the caudal articular processes from C2–C3 through T1–T2. In CSM-affected GDs, the vertebral canal and spinal cord areas were significantly smaller at C5–C6 and C6–C7, the vertebral canal width was significantly narrower at C6–C7 and C7–T1, and the spinal cord width was significantly narrower at C5–C6 and C6–C7. Middle foraminal height was smaller in CSM-affected GDs from C3–C4 through C7-T1. Neutral intervertebral disc widths were smaller in CSM-affected GDs. It was concluded that the cervical vertebral canal dimensions are significantly different between normal and CSM-affected GDs. Absolute vertebral canal stenosis and severe foraminal stenosis involving the cervical vertebrae distinguish CSM-affected from clinically normal GDs. These findings are relevant to the pathogenesis of osseous-associated CSM and should be taken into consideration when performing imaging studies and planning surgery.

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“…1–3 Magnetic resonance imaging is a very sensitive technique for determination of the extent of vertebral canal stenosis and spinal cord compression and yields the most information in regard to the neural tissue. 4–7 However, a well-recognized disadvantage of MRI in the human neurology field is the potential for overinterpretation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging features of Great Danes with and without clinical signs of cervical spondylomyelopathy

Martín-Vaquero¹,

Costa²

2014

javma

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Objective To characterize and compare the MRI morphological features of the cervical vertebral column of Great Danes with and without clinical signs of cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM). Design Prospective cohort study. Animals 30 Great Danes (15 clinically normal and 15 CSM-affected). Procedures All dogs underwent MRI of the cervical vertebral column (C2–3 through T1–2). Features evaluated included sites of subarachnoid space compression, spinal cord compression, or both; degree, cause, and direction of compression; MRI signal changes of the spinal cord; articular process (facet) joint characteristics; internal vertebral venous plexus visibility; and presence of extradural synovial cysts as well as presence and degree of intervertebral disk degeneration and foraminal stenosis. Results Clinically normal and CSM-affected dogs had 11 and 61 compressive sites, respectively, detected with MRI. All CSM-affected dogs had ≥ 1 site of spinal cord compression. No signal changes were observed in spinal cords of normal dogs, whereas 14 sites of hyperintensity were found in 9 CSM-affected dogs. Foraminal stenosis was present in 11 clinically normal and all CSM-affected dogs. The number of stenotic foraminal sites was significantly greater in the CSM-affected group, and severe stenosis appeared to be more common in this group than in the clinically normal group. Significant differences were identified between clinically normal and CSM-affected dogs with regard to amount of synovial fluid evident, regularity of articular surfaces, degree of articular process joint proliferation, and internal vertebral venous plexus visibility. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Abnormalities were detected with MRI in several clinically normal Great Danes. Severe spinal cord compression, number of stenotic foraminal sites, and signal changes within the spinal cord distinguished CSM-affected from clinically normal Great Danes.

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Cervical Stenotic Myelopathy in 21 Dogs

Cited by 68 publications

References 13 publications

Morphologic and morphometric magnetic resonance imaging features of Doberman Pinschers with and without clinical signs of cervical spondylomyelopathy

Morphologic and morphometric magnetic resonance imaging features of Doberman Pinschers with and without clinical signs of cervical spondylomyelopathy

Cervical spondylomyelopathy in Great Danes: A magnetic resonance imaging morphometric study

Magnetic resonance imaging features of Great Danes with and without clinical signs of cervical spondylomyelopathy

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