Magnetic refrigeration in the temperature range from 10 K to room temperature: the ferromagnetic refrigerants

Hashimoto, Toshimasa; Numasawa, Takenori; Shino, Mitsumasa; Okada, T.

doi:10.1016/0011-2275(81)90254-x

Cited by 266 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The MCE properties of EuS were reported by Hashimoto et al (31,101). Because Eu is divalent in EuS, it has a 4f 7 configuration, the same as trivalent Gd, and thus it might be expected to have good MCE properties.…”

Section: Eusmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Direct measurements of the MCE of a heat-treated and quenched Fe 51 Rh 49 alloy (43) indicated that it could be as large as −13 K at 307 K in a magnetic field of 1.95 T, but later (45) it was reported to be −8.2 K for H = 2.5 T. The MCE behavior in this material is unusual because of its sign (it is negative for a positive H ), its extreme sensitivity to processing history, and its irreversibility. The MCE in FeRh displays an inverse skyscraper behavior with the large relative cooling power, RCP(T ), of −166 K 2 between 296 and 316 K. The compound Cr 3 Te 4 displays a conventional MCE (measured directly), which reaches 1.1 K at 316 K in 2 T magnetic field (31). The relative cooling capacity, RCP(T ) = 41 K 2 is quite low.…”

Section: D Metal-based Alloys and Intermetallic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetocaloric Materials

Gschneidner

Pecharsky

2000

Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci.

1,245

568

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Key Words magnetocaloric effect, mixed lanthanide materials, 3d-materials amorphous alloys, manganites s Abstract In the last decade of the twentieth century there has been a significant increase in research on a more than 100-year old phenomenon-the magnetocaloric effect (MCE). As a result, many new materials with large MCEs (and many with lesser values) have been discovered, and a much better understanding of this magneto-thermal property has resulted. In this review we briefly discuss the principles of magnetic cooling (and heating); the measurement of the magnetocaloric properties by direct and indirect techniques; the special problems that can arise; and the MCE properties of the 4f lanthanide metals, their intra-lanthanide alloys and their compounds [including the giant MCE Gd 5 (Si x Ge 1−x ) 4 phases]; the 3d transition metals, their alloys and compounds; and mixed lanthanide-3d transition metal materials (including the La manganites). INTRODUCTIONCommercial and residential refrigeration is a mature, relatively low capital cost but a high-energy demand industry. Even the newest most efficient units operate well below the maximum theoretical (Carnot) efficiency, and few, if any, further improvements may be possible with the existing vapor-cycle technology. Magnetic refrigeration (MR), however, is rapidly becoming competitive with conventional gas compression technology because it offers considerable operating cost savings by eliminating the most inefficient part of the refrigerator-the compressor. In addition to its energy savings potential, MR is an environmentally sound alternative to vapor-cycle refrigerators and air conditioners. Most modern refrigeration systems and air conditioners still use ozone-depleting or global-warming volatile liquid refrigerants. Magnetic refrigerators use a solid refrigerant(s) and common heat transfer fluids (e.g. water, water-alcohol solution, air, or helium gas) with no ozone-depleting and/or global-warming effects.Magnetic refrigeration is based on the magnetocaloric effect (MCE). The MCE, or adiabatic temperature change ( T ad ), which is detected as the heating or the cooling of magnetic materials due to a varying magnetic field, was originally discovered in iron by Warburg (1). The thermodynamics of the MCE was understood 0084-6600/00/0801-0387$14.00 387 Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. 2000.30:387-429. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by Fordham University on 11/22/12. For personal use only. 388GSCHNEIDNER PECHARSKY by Debye (2) and by Giauque (3), both of whom independently suggested that it could be used to reach low temperatures in a process known as adiabatic demagnetization. Soon after this discovery, an operating adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator was constructed and utilized by Giauque & McDougal (4) to reach 0.53, 0.34, and 0.25 K starting at 3.4, 2.0, and 1.5 K, respectively, using a magnetic field of 0.8 T and 61 g of Gd 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·8H 2 O as the magnetic refrigerant. The MCE is intrinsic to any magnetic material. In the case of a ferromagnet near its mag...

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Section: Eusmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: D Metal-based Alloys and Intermetallic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetocaloric Materials

Gschneidner

Pecharsky

2000

Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci.

1,245

568

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“…The evaluation of the magnetocaloric effect has been estimated by the entropy variation, which was calculated using the Maxwell's relation [14] …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring of Magnetocaloric Effect in Ni45.5Mn43.0In11.5 Metamagnetic Shape Memory Alloy

Rosa

González

Garcı́a

et al. 2012

Physics Research International

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We investigate the direct and inverse magnetocaloric effect in Ni 45.5 Mn 43.0 In 11.5 Heusler alloy ribbons comparing the results obtained for the as-quenched sample with the ones after different annealing procedures. An enhancement and shift of the entropy maximum to near room temperature is observed in all annealed samples. A remarkable magnetocaloric effect is observed in samples with short-time treatment (10 minutes) and at the lowest annealing temperature. We show that the suppressing of uncompensated martensitic transition and thermal hysteresis are both influenced by the heat treatment. Also, an improvement on Curie's temperature is observed and, at low magnetic field, it has been risen up to 310 K. Our results demonstrate that the martensitic transformation is highly sensitive to the applied magnetic field and also to the annealing treatment, which means that the magnetocaloric effect can be tuned showing different behaviors for each sample.

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“…Several reviews on magnetic materials have been written as a starting point for those who are interested. [47][48][49][50] Magnetic Refrigerator Development…”

Section: Component Data Base Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Refrigeration: A Review of a Developing Technology

Barclay

1988

A Cryogenic Engineering Conference Publication

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Magnetic refrigeration has been used for over 50 years as a technique to achieve temperatures well below 1 K. However, in the last ten years, the technology has been developing for refrigeration applications above 1 K up to, and including heat pumps above room temperature. The work has been multinational in scope and has focused on analysis of magnetic thermodynamic systems, investigation of magnetic materials suitable for refrigerants, and development of prototype refrigerators. Devices providing refrigeration between 1.5 K and 4.2 K, 4.2 K and 20 K, and near room temperature have been emphasized. Recently development efforts have been extended into the 20 K to 80 K temperature range. The understanding of the fundamental limits on magnetic refrigeration is slo.,ly evolving as is a data base for design. The thermodynamic performance of the prototypes has been steadily improving but still has not reached the theoretical limits predicted by analysis.

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Magnetic refrigeration in the temperature range from 10 K to room temperature: the ferromagnetic refrigerants

Cited by 266 publications

References 10 publications

Magnetocaloric Materials

Magnetocaloric Materials

Tailoring of Magnetocaloric Effect in Ni45.5Mn43.0In11.5 Metamagnetic Shape Memory Alloy

Magnetic Refrigeration: A Review of a Developing Technology

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