Magnetic reconstruction of the Gd(0001) surface

Tang, Hong; Weller, D.; Tg, Walker; Jp, Scott; Chappert, C.; Hopster, H.; Aw, Pang; Ds, Dessau; Dp, Pappas

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.71.444

Cited by 157 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Well ordered crystalline Gd(0001) films, nominally 80 Å thick, were prepared in situ via thermal desorption onto a W(110) single crystal at room temperature [1,2,6,7], and subsequently annealed to 780 K to obtain well ordered films. The specific details of the experiment are presented in greater detail elsewhere [2,6].…”

Section: (Received 5 October 1995)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Induced Suppression of the Surface Magnetization of Gd(0001)

McIlroy

Waldfried

et al. 1996

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Section: (Received 5 October 1995)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Induced Suppression of the Surface Magnetization of Gd(0001)

McIlroy

Waldfried

et al. 1996

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…Although the magnetic properties of many nanostructured materials can be explained by length-scale effects (such as grain or particle size), atomic-level disorder also can have a profound effect on magnetic properties. For example, Gd films [1][2][3] grown under different conditions (and thus with different levels of structural disorder) can have significantly different Curie temperatures. When the disorder becomes large enough, the ferromagnetic phase can become magnetically glassy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorder-induced depression of the Curie temperature in mechanically milledGdAl2

et al. 2004

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Shand, P.M.; Stark, C.; Pekarek, T.M.; Yue, Lanping; Petkov, V.; and Leslie-Pelecky, Diandra, "Disorder-induced depression of the Curie temperature in mechanically milled GdAl 2 " (2004 The effect of disorder on the ferromagnetic transition is investigated in mechanically milled GdAl 2 . GdAl 2 is a ferromagnet when crystalline and a spin glass when amorphous. Mechanical milling progressively disorders the alloy, allowing observation of the change from ferromagnetic to a disordered magnetic state. X-ray diffraction and pair-distribution-function analysis are used to determine the grain size, lattice parameter, and mean-squared atomic displacements. The magnetization as a function of temperature is described by a Gaussian distribution of Curie temperatures. The mean Curie temperature decreases with decreasing lattice parameter, where lattice parameter serves as a measure of defect concentration. Two different rates of change with lattice parameter are observed: the first, slower rate occurs while grain size is changing, and the grain size is constant in the second regime. The breadth of the Curie temperature distribution is linear with lattice parameter. Milled and annealed GdAl 2 shows that the mean Curie temperature has the same general dependence on lattice parameter as milled, but unannealed GdAl 2 , while the breadth of the Curie temperature distribution is different in annealed samples compared to the unannealed materials.

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“…The magnetization direction in epitaxial Gd films changes with thickness, and a canted state on the surface of a thick film has been observed. 28 The crystal structure of the rare-earth LB film has not been investigated. As a first guess, it is reasonable to assume the existence of hexagonal point symmetry of the magnetic layers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In systems with reduced dimentionality it can be expected that there is a smoothing of all temperature anomalies. 28 In the multilayer structure of fatty acid LB film, multivalent metal ions can form interlayer ''salt bridges'' resulting in the enhancement of film stability and ordering. This effect should have a maximum for threevalent rare-earth cations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%