Magnetic pulse generation for high-speed magneto-optic switching

Kemmet, Sasha; Mina, Mani; Weber, Robert J.

doi:10.1063/1.3549632

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…4,5 In the papers by Weber et al, a Bi-RIG single crystal is used to result in switching times of 200 ns. 6,7 And the MO switches based on Faraday rotation in the yttrium orthoferrite crystals which are researched by Didosyan et al had an operating time about 100 ns. 8 The rapid development of AON demands of fast MO switches with various performances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast magneto-optic switch based on nanosecond pulses

et al. 2011

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National Natural Science Foundation of China [60677039]The paper studies an all fiber high-speed magneto-optic switch which includes an optical route, a nanosecond pulse generator, and a magnetic field module in order to reduce the switching time of the optical switch in the all optical network. A compact nanosecond pulse generator can be designed based on the special character of the avalanche transistor. The output current pulse of the nanosecond pulse generator is less than 5 ns, while the pulse amplitude is more than 100 V and the pulse width is about 10 to 20 ns, which is able to drive a high-speed magnetic field. A solenoid is used as the magnetic field module, and a bismuth-substituted rare-earth iron garnet single crystal is chosen as the Faraday rotator. By changing the direction of current in the solenoid quickly, the magnetization of the magneto-optic material is reversed, and the optical beam can be rapidly switched. The experimental results indicate that the switching time of the device is about 100 to 400 ns, which can partially meet the demand of the rapid development of the all optical network. (C) 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.3619823

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast magneto-optic switch based on nanosecond pulses

et al. 2011

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“…For example, in semiconductors the modulation rate is limited by the mobility of the charge carriers and the relaxation processes in the bulk material [13]. Moreover, ultrafast magnetic switching with terahertz (THz) clock rate is required, a goal that is far to reach with current magnetic pulses with temporal duration of about hundreds of picoseconds [14,15].To increase the modulation speed of the Faraday rotators, we take advantage of the magnetic-field of single cycle THz EM pulses. The potential of THz pulses has so far been explored to observe [16] and in some cases control the low-energy elementary excitations in liquids [17,18], solids [19], and gases [20] on ultrafast timescale.…”

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confidence: 99%

Terahertz-Magnetic-Field Induced Ultrafast Faraday Rotation of Molecular Liquids

et al. 2020

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Rotation of the plane of the polarization of light in the presence of a magnetic-field, known as the Faraday rotation, is a consequence of the electromagnetic nature of light and has been utilized in many optical devices. Current efforts aim to realize the ultrafast Faraday rotation on a subpicosecond time scale. Thereby, the Faraday medium should allow an ultrafast process by which in the presence of an ultrashort intense magnetic-field, the light polarization rotates. We meet these criteria by applying an intense single cycle THz magnetic-field to simple molecular liquids and demonstrate the rotation of the plane of polarization of an optical pulse traversing the liquids on a sub-picosecond time scale. The effect is attributed to the deflection of an optically induced instantaneous electric polarization under the influence the THz magnetic-field. The resolved Faraday rotation scales linearly with the THz magnetic-field and quadratically with the molecular polarizability.When a linearly polarized electromagnetic (EM) wave, along with a magnetic-field, propagates through an optically transparent medium its plane of polarization rotates. This effect is termed Faraday rotation and has played an important role in elucidating the EM nature of light [1]. It has also been extensively used in many devices including optical switches [2], optical communication systems [3], quantum memories [4], nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometers [5] and light modulators [6]. Further applications of Faraday rotators rely on the development in two main areas, introducing new Faraday media or exploring new features for existing materials and increasing the modulation speed of Faraday rotators.So far there has been great progress in finding new materials with large Faraday rotation, such as nitride semiconductor alloys [7,8], two-dimensional electron gases [9], graphene [10] and organic molecules [11]. However, a sub-picosecond light modulation requires an inherently ultrafast microscopic process whereupon the light polarization rotates [12]. For example, in semiconductors the modulation rate is limited by the mobility of the charge carriers and the relaxation processes in the bulk material [13]. Moreover, ultrafast magnetic switching with terahertz (THz) clock rate is required, a goal that is far to reach with current magnetic pulses with temporal duration of about hundreds of picoseconds [14,15].To increase the modulation speed of the Faraday rotators, we take advantage of the magnetic-field of single cycle THz EM pulses. The potential of THz pulses has so far been explored to observe [16] and in some cases control the low-energy elementary excitations in liquids [17,18], solids [19], and gases [20] on ultrafast timescale. In these examples, the THz electric-field interacts with the IR-active dipolar excitations of the samples, while the THz magnetic-field interaction is neglected because of its much weaker interaction energy. However, recent studies have shown the great potential of the THz magnetic fields for ultrafast Faraday rotat...

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“…Technologies have been suggested and used in previous works with reasonable power operation. 3 Magneto-optic (MO) switching technologies have shown promise in the realization of all-optical routing devices that reduce the effect of these bottlenecks enabling fast, dynamic route setting with low power operation [4][5][6] and the potential for integration. 7 In this paper, we introduce a new method for designing the field generation system used to magnetize the MO material with low power operation and improved scalability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low power field generation for magneto-optic fiber-based interferometric switches

Pritchard

Mina

Weber

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

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A new fiber-based, magneto-optic switch is proposed with a novel approach for low power and efficient operation. The switch, with reasonable switching speed compared to competitive designs, operates at considerably reduced power levels, which makes it a practical deployable solution. The basic switch setup consists of a Faraday rotator in a Sagnac fiber-optic interferometer in which optical switching is controlled by an electronic driving circuit. The electronic system generates a magnetic field through the Faraday rotator by driving current through a specially designed two-coil system. The new coil system allows for sufficient field generation at low quiescent power levels while maintaining very short optical rise and fall times. The design and considerations as well as the effect of mutual inductance between the two coils and its influence on switching times are investigated. The optical system consists of a Sagnac interferometer with a Faraday rotator within the Sagnac loop. Appropriate phase shift for interference is achieved by the proposed field generating system designed for the magneto-optical element. The theory of operation, design, experimental results, and optical and electronic setup are presented and analyzed.Keywords coil systems, driving current, electronic driving, electronic systems, Faraday rotators, fiber-optic interferometers, generating system, interferometric switches, low power, magneto-optic switch, mutual inductance, sagnac interferometer, sagnac loop, textile fibers Disciplines Electrical and Computer Engineering | Electromagnetics and Photonics CommentsThe following article appeared in Journal of Applied Physics 111 (2012) A new fiber-based, magneto-optic switch is proposed with a novel approach for low power and efficient operation. The switch, with reasonable switching speed compared to competitive designs, operates at considerably reduced power levels, which makes it a practical deployable solution. The basic switch setup consists of a Faraday rotator in a Sagnac fiber-optic interferometer in which optical switching is controlled by an electronic driving circuit. The electronic system generates a magnetic field through the Faraday rotator by driving current through a specially designed two-coil system. The new coil system allows for sufficient field generation at low quiescent power levels while maintaining very short optical rise and fall times. The design and considerations as well as the effect of mutual inductance between the two coils and its influence on switching times are investigated. The optical system consists of a Sagnac interferometer with a Faraday rotator within the Sagnac loop. Appropriate phase shift for interference is achieved by the proposed field generating system designed for the magneto-optical element. The theory of operation, design, experimental results, and optical and electronic setup are presented and analyzed.

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Magnetic pulse generation for high-speed magneto-optic switching

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Fast magneto-optic switch based on nanosecond pulses

Fast magneto-optic switch based on nanosecond pulses

Terahertz-Magnetic-Field Induced Ultrafast Faraday Rotation of Molecular Liquids

Low power field generation for magneto-optic fiber-based interferometric switches

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