Magnetic properties of sediments from the Pangani River Basin, Tanzania: Influence of lithology and particle size

Mzuza, Maureen Kapute; Zhang, Weiguo; Kapute, Fanuel; Selemani, Juma Rajabu

doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2017.05.015

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Moreover, the integration of the changing proportional contribution and reconstructed accumulation rates seems to indicate that the most recent increase in sedimentation is mostly driven by increased sediment delivery from the other tributary, the RV system. This result corresponds with previous research by Mzuza et al [43] using magnetic properties that RV is the most recent contributing tributary, which indicates the pace of land use change in this system is having a profound effect on sediment supply. The assertion is also backed by sedimentary evidence from cores AC2 and AC3, which had a higher proportional contribution of Ruvu-derived sediment, 55.4% and 51.8%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This finding seems to indicate that increased erosion and sediment transport from the RV system are driven by increased land use change in the catchment. This result corresponds with previous research by Mzuza et al [43] using magnetic properties showing that RV is the most recent contributing tributary. This association of land use change was also observed using the older and the recent core sections of AC1 and AC3, respectively (Appendix H).…”

Section: Proportional Tributary and Land Use Contributionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The dam was erected in 1965 for hydropower generation but in later years, irrigation potential was realized and integrated into strategies [23,41,42]. The NYM reservoir is about 150 km 2 , has a live-storage capacity of about 875 million m 3 [43] and has a maximum depth of 40 m [44,45]. However, due to highly variable climate and changing sedimentation, these factors fluctuate seasonally and between years.…”

Section: Description Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major land cover types include natural forests, woodlands, grassland thickets with emergent trees, bushland and plantation forests [51]. The geology upstream of the dam is characterized by volcanic rocks composed of the olivine and alkaline basalts, phonolites, trachytes, nephelinites and pyroclastics [43,48,52]. The majority of the population settlements are located on the lower slopes between 900 and 1800 m.a.s.l, where most agricultural activities are concentrated.…”

Section: Description Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconstructing the Changes in Sedimentation and Source Provenance in East African Hydropower Reservoirs: A Case Study of Nyumba ya Mungu in Tanzania

Amasi

Wynants

Kawalla³

et al. 2021

Earth

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This study aimed to reconstruct the sedimentation rates over time and identify the changing sources of sediment in a major hydropower reservoir in Tanzania, the Nyumba ya Mungu (NYM). Fallout 210Pb measurements were used to estimate age of sediment deposits and broad changes in sedimentation rates were reconstructed. Sedimentation peaks were cross referenced to geochemical profiles of allogenic and autogenic elemental constituents of the sediment column to confirm a causal link. Finally, geochemical fingerprinting of the sediment cores and potential sources were compared using a Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR) to attribute the dominant riverine and land use sources to the reservoir together with changes through recent decades. Reservoir sedimentation generally increased from 0.1 g cm−2 yr−1 in the lower sediment column to 1.7 g cm−2 yr−1 in the most recent deposits. These results correlated to changes in allogenic and autogenic tracers. The model output pointed to one of two major tributaries, the Kikuletwa River with 60.3%, as the dominant source of sediment to the entire reservoir, while the other tributary, Ruvu River, contributed approximately 39.7%. However, downcore unmixing results indicated that the latest increases in sedimentation seem to be mainly driven by an increased contribution from the Ruvu River. Cultivated land (CU) was shown to be the main land use source of riverine sediment, accounting for 38.4% and 44.6% in Kikuletwa and Ruvu rivers respectively. This study explicitly demonstrated that the integration of sediment tracing and dating tools can be used for quantifying the dominant source of sediment infilling in East African hydropower reservoirs. The results underscore the necessity for catchment-wide management plans that target the reduction of both hillslope erosion reduction and the sediment connectivity from hillslope source areas to rivers and reservoirs, which will help to maintain and enhance food, water and energy security in Eastern Africa.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Proportional Tributary and Land Use Contributionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Description Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Description Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Reconstructing the Changes in Sedimentation and Source Provenance in East African Hydropower Reservoirs: A Case Study of Nyumba ya Mungu in Tanzania

Amasi

Wynants

Kawalla³

et al. 2021

Earth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Furthermore, the success of past magnetic tracing studies in semi‐arid South Africa supported its application in the lesser researched savannah landscape of KNP. It is widely acknowledged that magnetic mineralogy is affected by sorting and post‐depositional processes and in situ production of minerals (Foster et al, 2007; Mzuza et al, 2017; Walden et al, 1997; Wilkinson et al, 2013; Zhang et al, 2008). Pulley and Rowntree (2016) found the ingrowth of secondary minerals can improve discrimination ability between top‐ and subsoils, but not between different geology‐based sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of environmental magnetism to estimate source contribution by lithology to Kruger National Park reservoirs

Miller

Rowntree

Foster

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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Sediment source fingerprinting using environmental magnetism has successfully differentiated between sediment sources in several studies in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The method was applied in this study to the near-natural landscape of southern Kruger National Park (Mpumalanga Province) to trace sediment and determine sediment yields by lithology in four reservoir catchments that were underlain by igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. The Park area has no history of cultivation and is a conservation area, so catchment sources were dominated by underlying lithologies. One sediment core was collected in the assumed deepest area of the reservoir. Source discrimination and apportionment were estimated using a common statistical protocol that includes a Mann-Whitney U or Kruskal-Wallis H test, mass conservation test, discriminant function analysis, and an (un)mixing model. A contribution from each lithology-defined source was estimated.Sediment yield by lithology was estimated by using published catchment areaspecific sediment yields in combination with the (un)mixing model. Underlying lithology determined vegetation type and density, and vegetation appeared to play a crucial role in protecting soils and reducing erosion. Proximity to reservoir, that is, travel distance for eroded sediment, and connectivity were also important factors controlling the relative contribution from each potential source. The contributing area for sediment was found to be dynamic through time and was probably dependent on runoff and temporal variations in vegetation cover.

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Magnetic properties of surface sediments from Liuxi River, southern China and their environmental significance

Zheng

Bai

et al. 2022

J Soils Sediments

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Magnetic properties of sediments from the Pangani River Basin, Tanzania: Influence of lithology and particle size

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Reconstructing the Changes in Sedimentation and Source Provenance in East African Hydropower Reservoirs: A Case Study of Nyumba ya Mungu in Tanzania

Reconstructing the Changes in Sedimentation and Source Provenance in East African Hydropower Reservoirs: A Case Study of Nyumba ya Mungu in Tanzania

Application of environmental magnetism to estimate source contribution by lithology to Kruger National Park reservoirs

Magnetic properties of surface sediments from Liuxi River, southern China and their environmental significance

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