Magnetic Properties and SAR for Gadolinium-Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared by Hydrothermal Method

Abstract

This study is an attempt to produce gadolinium-doped iron oxide nanoparticles for the purpose of utilization in magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH). Six gadolinium-doped iron oxide samples with varying gadolinium contents ( were prepared using the hydrothermal method and high vapor pressure to incorporate gadolinium ions in the iron oxide structure. The samples were indexed as , with varying from 0.0 to 0.1. The results reveal that gadolinium ions have a low solubility limit in the iron oxide lattice (x = 0.04). The addition of gadolinium caused distortion in the produced maghemite phase and formation of other phases. Based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), it was observed that gadolinium mostly crystalized as gadolinium hydroxide, for gadolinium concentrations above the solubility limit. The measured magnetization values are consistent with the formed phases. The saturation magnetization values for all gadolinium-doped samples are lower than the undoped sample. The specific absorption rate (SAR) for the pure iron oxide samples was measured. Sample GdIO/0.04, pure iron oxide doped with gadolinium, showed the highest potential to produce heat at a frequency of 198 kHz. Therefore, the sample is considered to hold great promise as an MFH agent.

Water flow and finger-tapping mediated piezoelectric energy generation using a natural hematite-based flexible PVDF-HFP membrane

“…31,32 From the spherulite nature of the micrographs, it is evident that β-phase formation in PVGF2.5 and PVGF5 is due to the interaction between the Gd-doped hematite and the CH 2 –CF 2 moiety of the PVDF polymer chain. 31,33…”

“…31,32 From the spherulite nature of the micrographs, it is evident that b-phase formation in PVGF2.5 and PVGF5 is due to the interaction between the Gd-doped hematite and the CH 2 -CF 2 moiety of the PVDF polymer chain. 31,33 Elemental composition analysis was performed with EDS which depicts the stoichiometric ratio of Fe, O, and Gd in the doped hematite NPs. It was found that Gd showed 3.25 wt% instead of 5% doping in the nanocomposite due to improper attachment of some Gd 3+ ions in the hematite NPs and these were washed out by centrifugation [Fig.…”

Cr3+ substituted aluminum cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: influence of cation distribution on structural and magnetic properties

“…Recently, nanoferrites have demonstrated technological advances in various applications including magnetic resonance imaging [1], magnetic fluid hyperthermia, targeted drug delivery, medical diagnosis [2], high-density magnetic recording, data storage devices, microwave devices, and magnetic fluid [3][4][5]. Therefore, nanostructured spinel ferrite, compared to their bulk counterparts, have attracted a lot of interest in different applications thanks to its remarkable mechanical, optical, magnetic and electrical properties [6,7].…”

Charge-Modulated Synthesis of Highly Stable Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity Evaluation

“…Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) can be useful in applications such as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents and biosensors and in various biomedical fields, such as hyperthermia treatment, drug delivery, cancer targeting, transfection, cell tracking, and tissue repair, owing to their low toxicity, unique magnetic properties, and facile surface modification [1][2][3][4][5][6]. To use IONPs for bio-applications, the IONPs should have excellent colloidal stability, functionalization with biomolecules, and non-toxicity under physiological conditions [7].…”