Magnetic Properties and Microstructure of FePt(BN, X, C) (X = Ag, Re) Films

Abstract

A sputtered FePt(BN, Re, C) film, here boron nitride (BN), was compared to a reference sample FePt(BN, Ag, C). Intrinsically, these films illustrate a high anisotropy field (Hk) and perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy (Ku),although the reference sample shows a higher value (Hk = 69.5 kOe, Ku = 1.74 × 107 erg/cm3) than the FePt(BN, Re, C) film (Hk = 66.9 kOe, Ku = 1.46 × 107 erg/cm3). However, the small difference in the anisotropy constant (K2/K1) ratio presents a close tendency in the angular dependence of the switching field. Extrinsically, the out-of-plane coercivity for the reference sample is 32 kOe, which is also higher than the FePt(BN, Re, C) film (Hc = 27 kOe), and both films present lower remanence (Mr(parallel)/Mr(perpendicular) = 0.08~0.12), that is, the index for perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The higher perpendicular magnetization for both films was due to highly (001) textured FePt films, which was also evidenced by the tight rocking width of 4.1°/3.0° for (001)/(002) X-ray diffraction peaks, respectively, and high-enough ordering degree. The reference sample was measured to have a higher ordering degree (S = 0.84) than FePt(BN, Re, C) (S = 0.63). As a result, the Ag segregant shows stronger ability to promote the ordering of the FePt film; however, the FePt(BN, Re, C) film still has comparable magnetic properties without Ag doping. From the surface and elemental composition analysis, the metallic Re atoms found in the FePt lattice result in a strong spin–orbital coupling between transition metal Fe (3d electron) and heavy metals (Re, Pt) (5d electron) and we conducted high magnetocrystalline anisotropy (Ku). Above is the explanation that the lower-ordered FePt(BN, Re, C) film still has high-enough Ku and out-of-plane Hc. Regarding the microstructure, both the reference sample and FePt(BN, Re, C) show granular structure and columnar grains, and the respective average grain size and distributions are 6.60 nm (12.5%) and 11.2 nm (15.9%). The average widths of the grain boundaries and the aspect ratio of the columnar grain height are 2.05 nm, 1.00 nm, 2.35 nm, and 1.70 nm, respectively.

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“…36 Numerous strategies have been developed to address stability issues. [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] Doping is regarded as an effective approach to improve the optical performance and long-term stability of nanocrystals (NCs). [45][46][47][48][49][50][51] 48 Shao et al successfully doped Ce 3+ into Cs 3 MnBr 5 , and Ce 3+doped Cs 3 MnBr 5 exhibited a PLQY of 90%.…”

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“…The MF membrane with a pore size of 0.15 µm is chosen for its capability to separate components based on differences in particle size and molecular weight. It is capable of filtering particles with sizes ranging from >0.1 -10 µm at pressures between 0.3 -3.3 bar [12]. Amino acids with molecular weights between 190 to 500 Da, which have sizes between 0.001 -0.01 µm, will pass through as permeate [12,13,14].…”

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