Magnetic, optical and electrical properties of permalloy films by DC magnetron sputtering

Zhang, Min; Deng, Chaoyong

doi:10.1007/s10854-020-05234-1

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Coercivity is one of the most critical parameters that can represent the magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials. Common Fe-Ni-based magnetic film preparation methods, such as thermal evaporation, electrochemically deposited magnetron sputtering can synthesize film with the H c several tens to hundreds of Oe [ 15 , 16 , 26 ]. In comparison, our Fe-Ni and Fe-Ni-Co films possess the same orders of magnitude of H c , which means the synthesized films by the EEW method are feasible and applicable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Step Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Fe-Ni/Fe-Co-Ni Magnetic Alloy Coating via Directional Plasma Spray

Shi

Han

et al. 2023

Materials

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Fe-Ni-based nanocrystalline coatings with unique magnetic properties are widely used as soft magnetic materials and usually act as the core component in electronic devices. Nanocrystallized particles and thin films have become a popular contemporary research direction. Electrical explosion, characterized by an ultrafast atomization and quenching rate (dT/dt ~ 109–1011 K/s) for the material, is a unique approach for the rapid “single-step” synthesis of nanomaterials and coatings. In this study, experiments were carried out with intertwined wire under a directional spraying device in atmospheric Ar ambience. Two load systems of Fe-Ni and Fe-Ni-Co were considered in this work. Electrical parameters and high-speed camera images were obtained to reveal the physical mechanism and dynamic process of explosive spraying. The morphologic and crystallographic results were characterized by SEM and XRD. The magnetic properties were measured via VSM equipment, and the parameters of saturation magnetization Ms, residual magnetization Mr, and coercivity Hc were emphasized in the hysteresis loop pattern. The experimental results indicate that a dense coating was prepared with extremely low porosity, and the morphology of the coating surface shows different regions characterized by solidified chunks and loose particles. XRD patterns showed that crystalline structures were discrepant under two load systems with different Ni weight proportions. Magnetic measurements gave a thin and narrow hysteresis loop, which represents loops with good soft magnetic properties. Quantitatively, coercivity Hc decreased from 59.3 to 52.6 and from 121.0 to 49.9 for the coatings not containing and containing Co under parallel and perpendicular fields, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Step Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Fe-Ni/Fe-Co-Ni Magnetic Alloy Coating via Directional Plasma Spray

Shi

Han

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…The importance of magnetic films in today's science and technology has been proven by many studies [1][2][3][4]. These films are produced with different production techniques [5][6][7], including the sputtering method [8,9]. Among the studies of magnetic films [7,9,10], there is a large number of investigations of Fe-containing structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These films are produced with different production techniques [5][6][7], including the sputtering method [8,9]. Among the studies of magnetic films [7,9,10], there is a large number of investigations of Fe-containing structures. There are many studies in which Fe is used together with Al to form different types of structures and in which their various properties are examined [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Saturation Magnetization of Sputtered Fe/Al Multilayer Thin Films Using Taguchi Method Supported by ANOVA, Response Surface Methodology and Regression Analysis

et al. 2023

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Taguchi method has been conducted to improve the saturation magnetisation, Ms, of Fe/Al multilayer thin films deposited using a dual-target magnetron sputtering. The Ms values were obtained from the magnetic hysteresis loops. To evaluate the influence of deposition factors on Ms by using the Taguchi method, L9 orthogonal array with three deposition factors (A -Fe deposition rate, B -Al deposition rate, and C -Fe layer thickness) was carried out with nine experiments at three levels. For the signalto-noise ratio of the "larger is the better", the improved Ms has been obtained at A3B2C3, where factor A is 0.12 nm/s, factor B is 0.03 nm/s, and factor C is 25 nm. At A3B2C3, a verification experiment was carried out with a 95% confidence level to confirm the prediction of 1597.6 emu/cm 3 , and in the experimental run, Ms, exp was found to be 1649.0 emu/cm 3 , which was an improvement from the highest initial run, i.e., Ms, ini = 1540.2 emu/cm 3 , among prescribed runs. Analysis of variance was imposed to obtain the F-ratio and contribution percentage of each deposition factor. Also, the interactions of the deposition factors were determined with response surface methodology. For the structural properties at the best factor combinations, X-ray diffraction experiments revealed that Fe/Al films at A3B2C3 were crystallised with the mixed phase of face-centred cubic and body-centred cubic structures. According to scanning electron microscope images, the film surface is almost uniformly shaped. Furthermore, the model of Ms has also been developed using regression analysis as a function of the deposition factors A, B, and C. Then, from the regression model, high statistical performance was obtained, with values of R 2 and R 2 (adj) being 100 and 100%, respectively. It is seen that the Taguchi method supported by response surface methodology, analysis of variance, and regression analysis turned out to be very successful in finding the factors with proper levels in order to improve Ms of Fe/Al multilayer thin fims within the prescribed limit. topics: Fe/Al multilayer thin films, Taguchi method, response surface method, regression analysis

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“…In this connection, the suitable properties of metallic permalloy (Ni 80 Fe 20 ) thin films appeal to academic interest and industrial applications due to their exotic magnetic, optical, magnetoelectric properties and low-frequency performance [32][33][34]. Permalloy thin films are intensively studied for their potential use in technological applications such as magneto-resistive random access memory [35], write-read heads [36], non-volatile memory elements [35], sensors [37], magnetic recording [36], novel spintronic and optoelectronic devices [38]. Additionally, the electrolyte gating of permalloy thin film paves a way toward low-power magnetoelectric devices [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptic plasticity investigation in permalloy based channel material for neuromorphic computing

Monalisha¹,

Li²,

Jin³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Artificial synaptic devices capable of synchronized storing and processing of information are the critical building blocks of neuromorphic computing systems for the low-power implementation of artificial intelligence. Compared to the diverse synaptic device structures, the emerging electrolyte-gated synaptic transistors are promising for mimicking biological synapses owing to their analogous working mode. Despite the remarkable progress in electrolyte-gated synaptic transistors, the study of metallic channel-based synaptic devices remains vastly unexplored. Here, we report a three-terminal electrolyte-gated artificial synapse based on metallic permalloy as the active layer. Gating controlled, non-volatile, rewritable, and distinct multilevel conductance states have been achieved for analog computing. Representative synaptic behaviors such as excitatory postsynaptic conductance (EPSC), paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), spike amplitude-dependent plasticity (SADP), spike duration-dependent plasticity (SDDP), and long-term potentiation/depression (LTP/D) have been successfully simulated in the synaptic device. Furthermore, switching from short-term to long-term memory regimes has been demonstrated through repeated training. Benefitting from the short-term facilitation, the synaptic device can also act as a high-pass temporal filter for selective communication. This research highlights the great potential of metallic channel-based synaptic devices for future neuromorphic systems and augments the diversity of synaptic devices.

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Magnetic, optical and electrical properties of permalloy films by DC magnetron sputtering

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Single-Step Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Fe-Ni/Fe-Co-Ni Magnetic Alloy Coating via Directional Plasma Spray

Single-Step Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Fe-Ni/Fe-Co-Ni Magnetic Alloy Coating via Directional Plasma Spray

Improvement of Saturation Magnetization of Sputtered Fe/Al Multilayer Thin Films Using Taguchi Method Supported by ANOVA, Response Surface Methodology and Regression Analysis

Synaptic plasticity investigation in permalloy based channel material for neuromorphic computing

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